NEJM:阿哌沙班预防癌症患者的静脉血栓栓塞

2019-02-21 xing.T 网络

在开始化疗的中高风险门诊癌症患者中,阿哌沙班治疗可降低静脉血栓栓塞率,且明显低于安慰剂。阿哌沙班的大出血发生率高于安慰剂。

患有活动性癌症的患者静脉血栓栓塞风险增加,这导致显著的发病率、死亡率和医疗保健支出。Khorana评分(范围0至6,评分越高表明静脉血栓栓塞的风险越高)已经过验证,可以确定患有此并发症风险较高的癌症患者,并可能有助于选择那些可以从血栓预防中获益的患者。

近日,顶级医学期刊NEJM上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员进行了一项随机、安慰剂对照、双盲临床试验,旨在评估阿哌沙班(2.5mg,每日两次)对门诊患者的血栓预防的有效性和安全性,这些患者患有静脉血栓栓塞的中高风险(Khorana评分≥2)并开始化疗。主要疗效结局是在180天的随访期间客观记录的静脉血栓栓塞。主要的安全性结局是大出血事件。

在接受随机分组的574名患者中,563名患者被纳入改良意向治疗分析。阿哌沙班组288名患者中有12名(4.2%)发生静脉血栓栓塞,安慰剂组中275名患者中有28名(10.2%)(风险比为0.41; 95%置信区间[CI]为0.26至0.65; P<0.001)。在改良意向治疗分析中,阿哌沙班组10例(3.5%)和安慰剂组5例(1.8%)出现大出血(风险比为2.00; 95%CI为1.01至3.95; P=0.046)。在治疗期间,阿哌沙班组6例(2.1%)和安慰剂组3例(1.1%)出现大出血(风险比为1.89; 95%CI为0.39至9.24)。

在开始化疗的中高风险门诊癌症患者中,阿哌沙班治疗可降低静脉血栓栓塞率,且明显低于安慰剂。阿哌沙班的大出血发生率高于安慰剂。

原始出处:

Marc Carrier,et al.Apixaban to Prevent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer.NEJM.2019.https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1814468

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    2019-08-15 xue8602
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    2019-03-21 fusion
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    2019-02-22 jeanqiuqiu

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