Ann Intern Med:阿片类增加侵袭性肺炎球菌病风险

2018-04-18 吴星 环球医学

虽然动物模型中,某些阿片类止痛药具有免疫抑制特征,并会增加感染风险,但在人类中,阿片类药物的使用对感染风险的临床影响未知。2018年3月,发表在《Ann Intern Med》的一项巢式病例对照研究调查了阿片类止痛药的使用和侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病(IPD)风险的相关性。

虽然动物模型中,某些阿片类止痛药具有免疫抑制特征,并会增加感染风险,但在人类中,阿片类药物的使用对感染风险的临床影响未知。2018年3月,发表在《Ann Intern Med》的一项巢式病例对照研究调查了阿片类止痛药的使用和侵袭性肺炎球菌疾病(IPD)风险的相关性。

目的:旨在检验假设,即阿片类药物是IPD的独立风险因素。

设计:巢式病例对照研究。

设置:田纳西州医疗补助计划数据库,并链接到医疗保险和有效细菌核心监测小组系统数据库(1995~2014)。

患者:1233例5岁及以上的IPD患者与24399例对照受试者依据诊断日期、年龄和居住地配对。

测量:基于药房处方填充测量阿片类药物的使用。IPD的定义为从正常无菌部位中分离到肺炎链球菌。比较了病例和对照组当前阿片类药物的使用几率,并考虑了已知的IPD风险因素。二次分析根据阿片类药物特征对阿片类药物使用进行分类,应用IPD风险评分确保两组具有可比性,并单独分析了肺炎和非肺炎IPD病例。

结果:病例组比对照组当前阿片类药物使用者的几率高(调整OR [aOR],1.62;95% CI,1.36~1.92)。长效阿片(aOR,1.87;95% CI,1.24~2.82)、高效阿片(aOR,1.72;95% CI,1.32~2.25)和较高剂量使用阿片(50~90吗啡毫克当量(MME)/d:aOR,1.71;95% CI,1.22~2.39;≥90MME/d:aOR,1.75;95% CI,1.33~2.29)的相关性最强。当考虑IPD风险评分及单独分析肺炎和非肺炎IPD时,结果一致。

局限性:未测量混杂因素和可测量的误差,但敏感性分析表明二者都不可能影响结果。未测量阿片的实际使用和其他非处方使用(如非法使用阿片类药物)。

结论:阿片类药物与IPD风险增加相关,是这些疾病的新的风险因素。

原始出处:

Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Schaffner W, et.al. Opioid Analgesic Use and Risk for Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study. Ann Intern Med. 2018 Mar 20;168(6):396-404.

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    2018-04-21 张新亮1853311252142e2fm

    好文献.学习了

    0

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    2018-04-21 秀红

    学习了

    0

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    2018-04-21 雅文博武

    学习了很多先进的医学知识

    0

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    2018-04-20 sunyl07
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