Nature子刊:单个基因就可抑制肿瘤形成!

2016-06-05 佚名 生物谷

磷酸酶-张力蛋白(Pten)是一种肿瘤抑制子,其在20%至25%的癌症患者中都处于缺失状态,近日来自梅奥诊所的研究人员通过研究发现,当细胞在分裂成为两个子代细胞的过程中,Pten可以通过维持染色体数目的完整来抵御机体肿瘤的形成,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Nature Cell Biology上。 文章中,研究者发现,通常在癌症患者机体中缺失的Pten蛋白的最后三个氨基酸对于形成完整的有丝分裂纺锤体非

磷酸酶-张力蛋白(Pten)是一种肿瘤抑制子,其在20%至25%的癌症患者中都处于缺失状态,近日来自梅奥诊所的研究人员通过研究发现,当细胞在分裂成为两个子代细胞的过程中,Pten可以通过维持染色体数目的完整来抵御机体肿瘤的形成,相关研究刊登于国际杂志Nature Cell Biology上。

文章中,研究者发现,通常在癌症患者机体中缺失的Pten蛋白的最后三个氨基酸对于形成完整的有丝分裂纺锤体非常重要,而有丝分裂纺锤体是染色体进行准确分裂的关键结构。Pten蛋白是人类机体中继p53之后最为重要的肿瘤抑制子,科学家们认为,Pten蛋白的磷酸酶活性可以中和PI3激酶的活性,一旦Pten蛋白失去功能就会使得AKT酶出现不受控制地激活,从而引发肿瘤形成;AKT酶可以刺激细胞增殖及存活,通常在人类肿瘤组织中处于过度激活状态。

很多年来,研究者们推测,在癌症患者中发现的Pten缺失会导致细胞染色体重新改组,但如今研究者仍然不知道上述过程发生的分子机制,以及这一过程如何促进癌症发展,本文中来自梅奥诊所的科学家就给出了确切的答案。

研究者Jan van Deursen博士指出,williamhill asia 发现,Pten蛋白可以定位到有丝分裂纺锤体上来招募马达蛋白EG5,随后分离纺锤体来形成完全对称的两极纺锤体,进而完成染色体的准确分离过程。Pten蛋白招募马达蛋白EG5的过程涉及一种名为Dlg1的蛋白的作用,Dlg1是一种EG5结合蛋白,其可以将Pten蛋白的最后三个氨基酸运输到纺锤体一极,更为重要的是,缺失这些氨基酸的突变小鼠会出现异常的染色体数目,并且引发肿瘤高频率出现的情况。

最后研究者表示,本文研究或可帮助预测对EG5抑制药物高度敏感的肿瘤组织,而且也为后期开发新型的靶向癌症疗法治疗多种癌症提供思路和希望。

原始出处

Janine H. van Ree, Hyun-Ja Nam, Karthik B. Jeganathan, Arun Kanakkanthara & Jan M. van Deursen .Pten regulates spindle pole movement through Dlg1-mediated recruitment of Eg5 to centrosomes.Nature Cell Biology.2016

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    2016-09-07 liye789132251
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    2016-06-06 milkshark

    是这样啊

    0

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    2016-06-06 milkshark

    很不错的

    0

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    2016-06-05 沉心多思

    不错的文章,多学习

    0

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J Immunology:脾脏中特定亚群的pDC表达I型干扰素

I型干扰素是介导抗病毒免疫反应的关键。体内主要分泌I型干扰素的细胞之一为pDC(plasmacytoid dendritic cells)。一般情况下区分pDC的关键是其表面的一些CD分子(CD11c int,B220+,mPDCA-1+,CD11b-),但这些分子代表的细胞类群并不止一种。功能上区分不同类别的pDC是通过CD9以及CCR7。在骨髓中,CCR9-CD9+的pDC在TLR-9激活之后

研究揭示人类基因组如何发生变化

在大型基因组数据库的帮助下,研究人员能探测正在进化中的特征,比如英国人的金发。 图片来源:George Clerk/iStockphot 很多人认为,进化需要几千年或者上百万年,但生物学家知道,它能很快发生。如今,由于基因革命,研究人员实际上可以追踪标志着进化正在进行的种群水平上的基因漂移,并且他们正在人类当中这么做着。近日,在基因组生物学会议上得以展示的两项研究证实了人类基因组如何在几个

PLoS Genet:GWAS分析找到狗狗体内的恶性脑瘤风险基因

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Nat Commun:基因控制着你的鼻子形状

从基督山伯爵大叔的鹰钩大鼻子到饰演梦露的米歇尔·威廉姆斯的钮扣鼻,可以说,人类的鼻子是最具有辨识度的面部特征之一。现在研究人员们发现了一组基因,这些基因似乎决定了人类鼻子的形状。这为人们理解人类面部进化提供了新的观点,因为相比于尼安德特人来说,williamhill asia 的很多基因都经过了剧烈的变化。尼安德特人的鼻子比现代人更加宽大,这似乎是为了应对北方寒冷的气候。这项研究的参与者说,他们的发现可以帮助法医使用犯人的DN

基因!让有的人“注定”显老

为什么有人看上去长得很“着急”,有人却能长久保持童颜?最新研究发现,从基因层面,有的人就“注定”比同龄人要更显老。为什么有人看上去长得很“着急”,有人却能长久保持童颜?事实上,人与人的衰老速度的确存在差异,而究其原因,除了受后天环境、生活方式影响以外,科学家最新研究发现,从基因层面,有的人就“注定”比同龄人要更显老。MC1R基因让人大两岁前不久,中科院北京基因组研究所、荷兰伊拉斯姆斯大学、英国联合

Ann Neurol:阿尔茨海默症和小血管缺血性卒中存在共同的遗传易感性

目的:越来越多的证据表明,阿尔茨海默氏症(AD)和缺血性卒中(IS)之间的流行病学和病理学相关。研究者调查的证据表明,这两种疾病存在共同的遗传因素。方法:应用METASTROKE +((15916例IS病例和68826例对照)和IGAP(17008例AD患者和37154名对照)研究中的数据,进行全基因组关联研究(GWAS),研究者评估AD和IS的相关性。研究者可获得基因水平的数据(4610例IS患