Science新闻&PNAS:要减肥 请把手机关上

2015-05-13 佚名 生物通

人类活动已经不再受到日光的限制,人造光源(包括手机屏)让成千上万的人熬夜到天亮。科学家们发现,人类为这些额外照明付出的代价不只是生物钟紊乱,还有肥胖。小鼠研究表明,暴露在过度的光照之下会使小鼠燃烧更少的脂肪。这一发现揭示了有效减肥的重要线索,Science网站特别发文对此进行了详细的介绍。许多哺乳动物拥有两类储存脂肪的组织:棕色脂肪和白色脂肪。它们的区别在于, 白色脂肪负责储存多余的热能以备不时之

iStockphoto/Thinkstock

人类活动已经不再受到日光的限制,人造光源(包括手机屏)让成千上万的人熬夜到天亮。科学家们发现,人类为这些额外照明付出的代价不只是生物钟紊乱,还有肥胖。小鼠研究表明,暴露在过度的光照之下会使小鼠燃烧更少的脂肪。这一发现揭示了有效减肥的重要线索,Science网站特别发文对此进行了详细的介绍。

许多哺乳动物拥有两类储存脂肪的组织:棕色脂肪和白色脂肪。它们的区别在于, 白色脂肪负责储存多余的热能以备不时之需,而棕色脂肪细胞会燃烧脂肪将其转变为热量。科学家们一直希望通过诱导棕色脂肪起作用来减肥,他们发现当β3肾上腺素能受体(β3 adrenergic receptor)激活的时候,棕色脂肪细胞可以燃烧更多的脂肪、生成更多的热量。

为了研究光照对棕色脂肪活性的影响,研究人员将小鼠分为几组,让它们每天在人造光源下暴露12、16或24小时,同时监控β3肾上腺素能受体的活性水平。研究人员还检测了棕色脂肪组织从血液中吸收葡萄糖、脂肪酸等能量分子的速率,监控其能量使用情况。研究显示,小鼠长时间暴露在光照下时(16或者24小时),棕色脂肪吸收的营养物质更少,β3肾上腺素能受体的活性更低,燃烧更少的脂肪。这项研究发表在五月十一日的美国国家科学院院刊PNAS杂志上。

研究人员还发现,虽然食量和活动量相同,但长时间暴露在光照下的小鼠多储存了25%到50%的脂肪。这是因为血液中的脂肪分子被白色脂肪组织吸收,变成了传统意义上的身体脂肪并导致肥胖,荷兰Leiden大学医学中心的生化学家Patrick Rensen说。

这项研究再次支持了昼夜节律紊乱与肥胖之间的关联。Rensen认为,长时间光照扰乱了昼夜节律,使棕色脂肪的活性减弱,最终导致肥胖。从短期来看,长时间光照甚至比高脂饮食更容易让人发胖。

研究人员切断了棕色脂肪和交感神经系统的连接,阻断了维持生物节律的信息传递,然后重复了之前的实验。结果不论光照时间是长还是短,棕色脂肪吸收的营养物质显著减少。这说明,破坏交感神经系统的节律信号,应该就是长时间光照影响棕色脂肪代谢的途径。

Rensen指出,现在就据此给出医学建议还为时过早,不过想要减肥的人可以考虑在控制饮食的同时也控制一下光照时间。

(原题:PNAS:想减肥?请把灯关上)

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855728, encodeId=0c1d1855e2890, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Wed Sep 23 08:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24410, encodeId=da0824410ca, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b64e106775, createdName=cement123, createdTime=Thu May 21 13:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23571, encodeId=cc6e235e132, content=有同感, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=36b41624922, createdName=JinFish, createdTime=Fri May 15 07:34:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375038, encodeId=d8e413e50385a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Fri May 15 04:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23314, encodeId=97f123314e7, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23285, encodeId=b4832328523, content=好吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=2014lb3, createdTime=Wed May 13 13:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-09-23 drwjr
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855728, encodeId=0c1d1855e2890, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Wed Sep 23 08:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24410, encodeId=da0824410ca, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b64e106775, createdName=cement123, createdTime=Thu May 21 13:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23571, encodeId=cc6e235e132, content=有同感, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=36b41624922, createdName=JinFish, createdTime=Fri May 15 07:34:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375038, encodeId=d8e413e50385a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Fri May 15 04:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23314, encodeId=97f123314e7, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23285, encodeId=b4832328523, content=好吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=2014lb3, createdTime=Wed May 13 13:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-21 cement123

    有意思

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1855728, encodeId=0c1d1855e2890, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f32014428fc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PNAS#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=44, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14428, encryptionId=f32014428fc, topicName=PNAS)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=08e964, createdName=drwjr, createdTime=Wed Sep 23 08:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24410, encodeId=da0824410ca, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=108, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b64e106775, createdName=cement123, createdTime=Thu May 21 13:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-21, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23571, encodeId=cc6e235e132, content=有同感, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=128, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=36b41624922, createdName=JinFish, createdTime=Fri May 15 07:34:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375038, encodeId=d8e413e50385a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Fri May 15 04:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23314, encodeId=97f123314e7, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:12:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23285, encodeId=b4832328523, content=好吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=2014lb3, createdTime=Wed May 13 13:20:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-15 JinFish

    有同感

    0

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    2015-05-15 jichang
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    2015-05-13 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

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    2015-05-13 2014lb3

    好吧

    0

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