Int J Cancer:慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染可增加某些胃肠道(GI)肿瘤的发病风险

2021-12-20 yd2015 MedSci原创

研究表明, HBV感染与中国北方地区成人发生肝癌和肝外肿瘤,包括胆囊癌、肝外胆管癌、胰腺癌和结直肠癌的发病风险升高有关。

胃肠道肿瘤(GI是中国负担较大肿瘤。同样,我国也是乙肝负担大国。乙肝是肝癌的的致病因素是比较明确的。但是乙肝病毒感染跟胃肠道肿瘤(GI)的关系尚不明确。因此,我国学者开展了相关研究,旨在探讨慢性乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染与胃肠道(GI)肿瘤(包括肝、胃、胆囊癌或肝外胆管癌、胰腺癌、小肠、食管癌和结肠直肠癌)风险的关系。相关结果发表在International Journal of Cancer杂志上。

93 402名受试者的平均年龄为51.52 ±12.43岁,其中男性74 637(79.91%),女性18 765(20.09%)HBsAg血清阳性组与HBsAg血清阴性组在年龄、性别、TGTCALTTBilhs-CRP、高血压患病率、体育锻炼、吸烟情况、家庭收入、肝硬化、脂肪肝、胆结石、胆囊息肉等方面存在差异(P> 05)HBsAg血清阴性组和HBsAg血清阳性组在BMI、糖尿病患病率、饮酒者、癌症家族史、婚姻状况、高盐摄入量和高中毕业程度(包括以上)方面没有差异。

在平均随访13.02(12.68-13.20)年后,1791名诊断胃肠道肿瘤(结直肠癌(n = 664),肝癌(n = 411),胃癌(n = 356),胰腺癌(n = 167), 膀胱或肝外胆管癌(n = 155),食道癌(n = 127)和小肠癌症(n = 9)),其中99例(5.53%)被诊断为多发性肿瘤。总体人群、HBsAg血清阴性组和HBsAg血清阳性组每1000人年GI癌的粗发病率密度分别为1.57、1.40和7.23。与HBsAg血清阴性参与者相比,在单变量模型(风险比5.14,95% CI: 4.46-5.92)和多变量调整模型(风险比5.59,95% CI: 4.84-6.45)中观察到HBV感染与合并消化道肿瘤的发生之间存在显著的正相关关系。

在不同部位特异性分析中,对潜在的混杂因素进行调整后,血清HBsAg阳性的参与者肝癌(HR = 21.56, 95% CI: 17.32-26.85)、胆囊癌或肝外胆管癌(HR = 14.89, 95% CI: 10.36-21.41)、结肠直肠癌(HR = 1.75, 95% CI:1.15-2.96)和胰腺癌(HR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.10-3.99)发病风险明显升高。但是HBV感染与食管癌、胃癌和小肠癌的发病风险无显著相关性。

在竞争风险分析中,在平均13年的随访中,9535名参与者在胃肠道癌症发生前死亡。后以死亡为竞争风险事件和混杂因素调整,在CS模型和SD模型中均观察到乙肝病毒感染和肝、胆囊、肝外胆管结肠直肠癌和胰腺癌发病风险的关系。

按年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟和饮酒状况进行的分层分析。在所有分层分析中,HBV感染患者与肝癌风险升高相关。吸烟和饮酒状况也对这种联系有影响。在所有分层分析中也观察到HBV感染与胆囊或肝外胆管癌之间存在正相关。在结肠直肠癌的分析中,仅在男性、年轻人、中年人、BMI正常、吸烟或不饮酒的人群中观察到显著相关性,但在女性、老年人、超重、肥胖、不吸烟或目前饮酒的人群中未观察到显著相关性。在每个分析中没有发现交互影响。在对胰腺癌的分析中,只有男性、年轻、中年、肥胖、不吸烟的参与者发现了显著的相关性,而他们之间的相互作用似乎并不显著。

综上,研究表明, HBV感染与中国北方地区成人发生肝癌和肝外肿瘤,包括胆囊癌、肝外胆管癌、胰腺癌和结直肠癌的发病风险升高有关。

 

原始出处:

Liu T, Song C, Zhang Y, Siyin ST, Zhang Q, Song M, Cao L, Shi H. Hepatitis B virus infection and the risk of gastrointestinal cancers among Chinese population: A prospective cohort study. Int J Cancer. 2021 Dec 2. doi: 10.1002/ijc.33891. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 34855203.

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