Nat Commun:移植干细胞有望治疗肌肉萎缩症

2014-08-26 佚名 新华网

日本研究人员在最新一期英国《自然-通讯》杂志上报告说,他们发现了两种能够促进骨骼肌再生的小核糖核酸,添加了小核糖核酸的骨骼肌干细胞被植入患有肌肉萎缩症的动物体内,可成功实现骨骼肌的再生。 肌肉萎缩症是一种损坏人体肌肉的遗传性疾病。由于身体无法制造支撑肌肉结构的蛋白质,患者会变得无法运动。目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。 骨骼肌具有非常高的再生能力,即使由于激烈的运动受到损伤或者

日本研究人员在最新一期英国《自然-通讯》杂志上报告说,他们发现了两种能够促进骨骼肌再生的小核糖核酸,添加了小核糖核酸的骨骼肌干细胞被植入患有肌肉萎缩症的动物体内,可成功实现骨骼肌的再生。




肌肉萎缩症是一种损坏人体肌肉的遗传性疾病。由于身体无法制造支撑肌肉结构的蛋白质,患者会变得无法运动。目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。

骨骼肌具有非常高的再生能力,即使由于激烈的运动受到损伤或者因为疾病出现萎缩,干细胞也会通过分裂来修复骨骼肌。研究人员设想,如果将能够发育为骨骼肌的干细胞移植到肌肉中,就可以制造出正常特定蛋白质,从而治疗肌肉萎缩症。

但是,骨骼肌干细胞在体外人工培养后,性质会发生变化,随着分裂和转变为其他细胞,会丧失修复能力,即使移植也无法发挥作用,最终全部死亡。

日本京都大学教授濑原淳子率领的研究小组在调查骨骼肌干细胞保持修复能力的详细机制时,发现向骨骼肌干细胞添加“miR-195”和“miR-497”这两种小核糖核酸后,可以维持骨骼肌干细胞的修复能力。小核糖核酸是一类不编码制造蛋白质的单链核糖核酸分子,主要参与控制基因表达。

研究人员随后将这种骨骼肌干细胞移植到患有肌肉萎缩症的实验鼠腿部,发现腿部的骨骼肌细胞开始增加,肌肉得以再生。

濑原淳子表示,这种方法是否能实现人类骨骼肌细胞的再生还有待研究。如果科学家能利用诱导多功能干细胞(iPS细胞)制作出大批骨骼肌干细胞,就有望用这种方法来预防和治疗肌肉萎缩症。


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    2014-08-29 liuli5079
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    2015-07-27 liye789132251
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    2015-06-12 chendoc252
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