BMJ:俯卧位通气对Covid-19非重症低氧血症患者的影响

2022-03-30 zhangfan MedSci原创

因新冠肺炎住院的非重症低氧血症患者,俯卧位通气对改善患者住院死亡、机械通气或呼吸衰竭恶化的效果不明显

截至2021年12月,全球已有500多万人死于新冠肺炎,其中老年人、基础共病和重症是新冠肺炎死亡的重要因素。多数新冠肺炎死亡患者存在低氧血症,严重低氧血症需接受ICU机械通气,而一般低氧血症患者则进行氧气补充,大约20%的一般低氧血症患者会进展为呼吸衰竭。由于多种生理原因,俯卧位通气可以改善氧合,减少心脏和胃肠道器官导致的肺阻力,改善肺扩张,减少通气和灌注不匹配。自20世纪70年代以来,俯卧位一直是临床实践的一部分,被认为是严重急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者的标准护理手段之一。近日研究人员评估俯卧位通气对降低因Covid-19住院的非危重症患者死亡或呼吸衰竭风险的效果。


本次研究在美国及加拿大15个医院开展,实验室确诊的新冠肺炎患者参与,患者需要补充氧气并且能够通过口头指导独立进行俯卧通气,患者随机分为俯卧位组(即指导患者在睡觉时腹部俯卧)或标准护理。研究的主要终点为住院死亡、机械通气或呼吸衰竭恶化,次要结果为氧饱和度与吸入氧分数比值。
248名患者参与研究,平均年龄56岁,女性89例(36%),222例(90%)患者在随机分组时接受氧气补充。入院后前72小时,俯卧位组患者总共接受了平均6小时俯卧位通气,对照组0小时。组间主要事件风险差异不显著(俯卧位 vs 对照组:18 vs 17例,14% vs 14%,OR=0.92)。与对照组相比,俯卧位组72小时氧饱和度与吸入氧分数比值变化不显著。

组间72小时氧饱和度与吸入氧分数比值

研究发现,对于因新冠肺炎住院的非重症低氧血症患者,俯卧位通气对改善患者住院死亡、机械通气或呼吸衰竭恶化的效果不明显,但患者俯卧位依从性差异可能是效果不显著的重要因素。
原始出处:
Michael Fralick et al. Prone positioning of patients with moderate hypoxaemia due to covid-19: multicentre pragmatic randomised trial (COVID-PRONE). BMJ,23 March,2022.

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    2022-03-31 ms1000001160662156

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    2022-03-30 ms5000000518166734

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