BMC Anesthesiol:胰腺手术中使用非阿片类药物麻醉与阿片类药物麻醉的比较

2022-02-10 “罂粟花”公众号 “罂粟花”公众号

背景

背景

与阿片类药物麻醉(OBA)相比,非阿片类药物麻醉(OFA)可显著降低术后吗啡总使用量;但OFA是否可行、是否可能改善胰腺手术患者的预后仍不清楚

方法

对77例胰腺切除术患者围手术期资料进行回顾性分析,接受OBA联合使用瑞芬太尼(n=42)或OFA(n=35),OFA组包括持续输注右美托咪啶、利多卡因和艾司氯胺酮。在OBA组,患者还接受单次吗啡鞘内注射,所有患者术中均联合使用丙泊酚、七氟烷、地塞米松、双氯芬酸钠及肌松药。术后疼痛采用创面持续浸润镇痛和吗啡自控镇痛。主要观察指标为术后疼痛评分(疼痛数字评分表,NRS)。次要观察指标包括拔管后48小时内的阿片类药物使用量、住院时长、90天内发生的不良事件以及30天的死亡率;安全事件观察指标为需要药抢救物的心动过缓和低血压。

结果

与OBA组相比,OFA组的NRS评分(3[2~4]vs 0[0~2],p<0.001)和阿片类药物使用量(36[24~52]vs10[2~24],p=0.005)均明显降低;OFA组住院时长缩短4天(14[7~46]vs10[6~16],p<0.001);术后发生胰瘘(p=0.0002)和胃排空延迟(p<0.0001)是影响住院时长的独立因素;OFA组综合并发症指数(CCI)较低(24.9±25.5vs14.1±23.4,p=0.03)。两组患者在人口统计学、手术时长、出血量、心动过缓、血管活性药物的应用、拔管时长方面无明显差异

结论

在这一序列研究中,OFA在胰腺切除术中具有可行性,且预后更好,可降低术后疼痛评分。较低的术后并发症发生率可能为将来随机试验提供依据并验证OFA可改善患者预后和缩短住院时长的假设

 

原始出处:

Hublet S, Galland M, Navez J, et al. Opioid-free versus opioid-based anesthesia in pancreatic surgery[J]. BMC Anesthesiol. 2022 Jan 4;22(1):9.DOI: 10.1186/s12871-021-01551-y.

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