Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes:中国2万新确诊糖尿病分析,3.72%为自身免疫性糖尿病

2019-11-13 卢芳 中国循环杂志

一提1型糖尿病,常常会认为患者多为儿童,但近期中南大学湘雅二医院周智广团队进行的研究发现,成人中也并不少见,尤其是自身免疫性糖尿病(LADA)。

一提1型糖尿病,常常会认为患者多为儿童,但近期中南大学湘雅二医院周智广团队进行的研究发现,成人中也并不少见,尤其是自身免疫糖尿病(LADA)。

这项在近2万新诊糖尿病患者中进行的研究显示,1型糖尿病患病率为5.49%,其中男性为5.14%,女性为6.16%,而1型糖尿病患者中,65%为LADA。

如果以2010年全国糖尿病流行病学调查中年龄和性别分布来计算,1型糖尿病年龄标化患病率为5.14%,LADA年龄标化患病率为3.72%。

这项研究也发现了LADA和经典1型糖尿病的一些不同,比如相较于经典1型糖尿病患者,LADA患者年龄、体重指数、腰围更大,超重或肥胖比例及血压更高,不过这些均低于非1型糖尿病患者。

在超重和肥胖糖尿病患者中,1型糖尿病患病率分别为3.42%和2.42%;而LADA在这两组1型糖尿病患者比例分别占76.5%和79.2%。

此外,不同于经典1型糖尿病患者随年龄增长而患病率降低,LADA则在不同年龄段的患病率较稳定。

这提示,LADA在年龄偏大和肥胖糖尿病患者更为常见。

在治疗方面,研究者发现,LADA患者更多用降压药、二甲双胍和磺脲类降糖药,而较少接受强化血糖治疗和基础胰岛素治疗。而实际上及时启动胰岛素治疗对于维持良好血糖至关重要。

值得注意的是,中国目前有7960万新诊糖尿病,如果按此研究患病率推算,则有430万LADA患者和240万胰岛素依赖性的经典1型糖尿病患者。

研究者指出,临床上多将LADA治疗等同于2型糖尿病,应该将胰岛自身抗体检测常规化,以给予患者适当治疗,更好控制血糖降低大血管和微血管并发症。不过基于患者较为众多,检测成本效益比还需进一步研究。

这项横断面研究共纳入46家医院31个月内新诊糖尿病患者17349例,平均年龄52.6岁,男性占15.3%。其中1型糖尿病包括经典1型糖尿病和LADA,后者均经检测谷氨酸脱羧酶自身抗体确诊。

原始出处:
Tang X, Yan X, Zhou H, et al. Prevalence and identification of type 1 diabetes in Chinese adults with newly diagnosed diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2019 Aug 28;12:1527-1541.

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    2020-04-17 一闲
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    2020-06-10 guojianrong
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    2019-11-15 14794e5bm67(暂无昵称)

    学习了,不错的话题,非常精彩,受益非浅

    0

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    2019-11-14 misszhang

    谢谢MedSci提供最新的威廉亚洲官网

    0

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