J Headache Pain:先兆偏头痛患者先兆频率影响脑网络

2022-07-21 影像小生 MedSci原创

MwA患者4分钟视觉刺激对认知能力的影响强于健康人。更高频率的先兆可能导致获得认知资源的能力下降,以应对短暂但重要的事件,如先兆相关的局灶神经症状。

偏头痛的特征是在发作期间和发作间期视觉线索处理异常。这在有先兆偏头痛患者(MwA)中表现得更为明显,他们对视觉刺激的功能更加敏感,视觉BOLD信号的激活程度更高,对光线的不适程度也更高,这意味着视觉和认知情绪加工之间存在联系。通过任务相关和静息态功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究,这一联系在健康个体中得到了揭示,该研究显示,视觉刺激不仅激活初级视觉区域,还激活可能参与情绪和认知-行为成分的其他遥远的大脑区域。中央前回、额中回、颞上回和颞下回是最值得注意的视刺激后功能相关的外区。

所有这些区域都是多个神经认知网络的一部分,而这些神经认知网络先前与MwA发病有关,它们的功能障碍可能解释了为什么MwA患者比无先兆偏头痛患者出现更明显的认知异常。根据这项研究,在视觉信息处理受损的情况下,神经认知网络可能表现出功能连接的改变,以响应视觉刺激,如MwA患者。

罗马Sapienza大学外科医学与生物技术系Gianluca Coppola等利用rs-fMRI和独立成分分析(ICA),通过记录视觉刺激4分钟前后的rs-fMRI记录,探讨视觉刺激在调节MwA患者皮层网络间连接中的潜在作用。他们假设,在MwA中,视觉模式可能在大规模相互作用的神经网络中产生独特的功能连接,这可能受到先兆症状复发的影响。

该研究对21例先兆性偏头痛(MwA)患者和18例健康者(HS)进行棋盘图案视觉刺激4分钟前后的功能MRI检查。对于每个记录会话,确定了每个组中独立的静息态网络,并将网络连接强度变化与临床疾病特征相关联。

结果如下:

偏头痛先兆组和健康组在视觉刺激前的比较中,默认网络(IC3,红色)和左侧背侧注意系统(IC10,蓝色)显示中度连接。

1.   在视觉刺激前,发现MwA患者的默认网络与左背侧注意系统(DAS)之间的功能连接低于HS。在HS中,视觉刺激增加了双侧DAS和执行控制网络(ECN)的独立组件之间的功能连接。

在健康受试者中,经过4分钟棋盘式视觉刺激和基线静息状态网络连接后,左(lDAS)和右(rDAS)背侧注意系统与执行控制网络[ECN]显著连接。

2.   在MwA中,视觉刺激显著改善独立成分对显著网络与DAS之间以及DAS与ECN之间的功能连接。

在先兆偏头痛患者中,在棋盘式视觉刺激4分钟后,与基线静息态网络连接相比,背侧注意系统[DAS]与执行控制网络[ECN]、显著网络[SN]连接显著。

3.   视觉刺激后ECN z评分与每月先兆出现频率呈负相关。

总之,MwA患者在视觉棋盘刺激4分钟后休息时的皮层网络活动与健康受试者不同。健康受试者显示DAS和ECN之间的连接增加,而患者显示DAS和SN之间的连接增加。视觉刺激后,ECN的功能连接强度取决于先兆的频率。这些结果在多大程度上与CSD血管损伤的复发或SN和/或丘脑水平上视觉线索的异常处理有关,仍有待确定。

 

文献出处

Coppola, G., Corbelli, I., Di Renzo, A. et al. Visual stimulation and frequency of focal neurological symptoms engage distinctive neurocognitive resources in migraine with aura patients: a study of resting-state functional networks. J Headache Pain 23, 80 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-022-01446-4

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