J Neurosurg:纯动脉畸形

2018-08-28 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

纯动脉畸形一般是指扩张、重叠(overlapping)和迂曲的动脉,呈线圈样(Coil-like)和/或团块样动脉环(mass of arterial loops),无静脉成分。在无创影像学上,该血管畸形常被误诊为动脉瘤或动静脉畸形。与动脉瘤和动静脉畸形不同,纯动脉畸形自然史呈良性,通常采用保守治疗。

纯动脉畸形一般是指扩张、重叠(overlapping)和迂曲的动脉,呈线圈样(Coil-like)和/或团块样动脉环(mass of arterial loops),无静脉成分。在无创影像学上,该血管畸形常被误诊为动脉瘤或动静脉畸形。与动脉瘤和动静脉畸形不同,纯动脉畸形自然史呈良性,通常采用保守治疗。

病例1:A图,10岁女孩,PCoA和 PCA可见螺丝锥样纯动脉畸形(箭头):



病例2:B图,19岁女性,左侧MCA纯动脉畸形。显示左侧M1段远端和豆纹动脉呈线圈样迂曲,伴分叶状动脉瘤,前部轻度狭窄(箭头):



病例3:C图,27岁,女性,基底动脉纯动脉畸形。基底动脉近端和右侧A1段可见缠绕线圈样畸形:



病例4:D图,25岁,女性,左侧ICA床突上段和左侧M1段纯动脉畸形。图示动脉扩张伴3个环(Loop)和3个小动脉瘤:



病例5:A图,左侧A2段纯动脉畸形,可见动脉中等程度扩张,2段疏松线圈样环:



病例6:B图,34岁,女性,A2段纯动脉畸形。A2段呈螺丝锥样,远端扩张明显:


病例7:C图,38岁,女性,左侧PICA纯动脉畸形。PICA可见2-3个紧密相连的卷曲的环(Loop):



病例8:D图,11岁,男孩,左侧PCoA动脉纯动脉畸形。可见3个紧密连接的卷曲的环(箭头):



病例9:17岁男性因为顽固性头痛进行了MRI检查。A图,MRA显示右侧SCA分布区可见血管簇(箭头)。MRI未见出血或梗死。B图,左侧椎动脉DSA显示右侧SCA轻度扩张、迂曲,未见动脉瘤或动静脉分流(箭头)。随访18个月无症状:



病例10:47岁,女性,霹雳样头痛病史。A图,CT显示右侧额叶钙化。B图,MRI显示脑实质可见一些模糊稀疏强化。这个被认为是皮层发育畸形,未见静脉引流异常。另外在T1序列和增强扫描中该区域可见ACA分支远端扩张和迂曲。C图,DSA显示ACA远端分支轻度扩张,呈线圈样结构,无动脉瘤或动静脉分流。D图,在MRI异常增强区域可见静脉流出延迟(复杂发育性静脉畸形):




病例11:女性,35岁。A图,平扫CT显示左侧ICA床突上段血管钙化。B图,MRA显示左侧PCoA动脉瘤(5mm)和左侧ICA床突上段动脉瘤(2mm)。C和D图,DSA显示ICA床突上段显着扩张和迂曲,可见线圈样结构延伸到M1近端和PCoA。随访7年无症状:




病例12:20岁,女性。A和B图,DSA显示右侧和左侧P2段动脉卷曲和中度迂曲(tightly coiled and moderately tortuous)。C图,可见右侧ICA床突上段中度迂曲和卷曲:



原始出处:Brinjikji W1,2, Cloft HJ1,2, Flemming KD3, et al. Pure arterial malformations. J Neurosurg. 2018 Jul;129(1):91-99. 

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