Circulation:糖酵解代谢与肺动脉高压基因调控的新发现

2021-09-28 刘少飞 MedSci原创

肺动脉高压 (PAH) 是一种进行性疾病,其中平滑肌细胞 (SMC) 的增殖导致肺动脉逐渐闭塞,导致血流阻力增加并最终导致右心衰竭。目前的疗法试图扩张肺动脉,但没有解决闭塞性重塑的机制。

众所周知,在家族性 PAH 中,70% 至 80% 的受影响者具有 BMPR2(骨形态发生受体 2)突变。这些突变也占特发性 PAH 散发病例的 20%,但即使在没有已知突变的患者中,或者当 PAH 是其他医学疾病的并发症时,BMPR2 表达或信号传导的缺陷也很明显。由于肺动脉内皮细胞 (PAEC) 中 BMPR2 缺陷可以促进生长因子的表达和释放以驱动 PASMC 的增殖,因此 PASMC 中 BMPR2 信号传导的减少也直接有助于其增殖的增强。代谢改变提供了影响染色质结构的底物,以调节决定健康和疾病中细胞功能的基因表达。肺动脉高压中导致新内膜形成的平滑肌细胞(SMC)增高增殖是其疾病的特征。糖酵解增加与SMC的增殖表型明确有关。

研究题目:ALDH1A3 Coordinates Metabolism with Gene Regulation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

期刊年卷:Circulation 2021 Mar 25; 

通讯作者:Pro.Marlene Rabinovitch from Stanford University

临床儿科心脏病学 肺血管领域全球知名教授学者

斯坦福大学贝蒂·艾琳·摩尔儿童心脏中心基础科学与工程计划主任

维拉·莫尔顿·沃尔肺血管疾病中心研究人员

发表论文超过100余篇,被引13000多次

在整个领域具有很高的学术地位及学科影响力

研究方法:携带和不携带BMPR2突变的PAH患者中,提取肺动脉SMC,通过RNA测序,然后发现其增生和糖酵解代谢所需的基因(下图)。差异表达基因的评估将代谢作为主要途径,而PAH PASMC中代谢水平最高的代谢基因是醛脱氢酶家族1成员3(ALDH1A3),该酶以前与癌细胞和系统性血管SMC中的糖酵解和增殖有关。研究确定了这些功能在PAH PASMC中是否为ALDH1A3依赖性的,以及在转基因小鼠中肺动脉高压的发展是否需要ALDH1A3。ALDH1A3在PAH PASMC中的核定位使研究者探索该酶是否以及如何协调调节PAH PASMC中的基因表达和代谢。

研究结果:与对照PASMC相比,PAH中ALDH1A3的mRNA和蛋白增加,而ALDH1A3则具有高度的增殖和糖酵解特性。特异性SMC中敲除Aldh1a3基因的小鼠在缺氧诱导下,未发生肺动脉肌化或肺动脉高压。核中ALDH1A3将乙醛转化为乙酸酯,从而生成乙酰辅酶A,从而使H3K27乙酰化,成为活性增强剂。这使得经由乙酰基转移酶KAT2B在核因子Y(NFY)A结合位点处进行染色质修饰,并允许NFY介导ALDH1A3依赖性增殖和糖酵解所需的细胞周期和代谢基因的转录。PAH中BMPR2的基因突变使得SMC中上调ALDH1A3,PAH PASMC中NFYA和ALDH1A3的转录是β-catenin依赖性的。

研究结论:该研究发现了一个代谢转录轴,可以解释分裂细胞如何利用ALDH1A3协调其能量需求与SMC增殖所需基因的表观遗传和转录调控。他们认为选择性在PAH SMC中破坏ALDH1A3而不是在EC中的关键作用是重要的治疗考虑因素。

 

文章出处:Li D. ALDH1A3 Coordinates Metabolism With Gene Regulation in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Circulation. 2021 May 25;143(21):2074-2090. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048845. Epub 2021 Mar 25. PMID: 33764154; PMCID: PMC8289565.

 

 

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