Nat Med:男性,老年人和吸烟者更易感染新冠病毒

2021-03-05 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

新冠肺炎(COVID-19)仍在全球肆虐,据数据显示,全球确诊超1亿1619万,累计死亡病例超258.0万例。除了咳嗽、发烧、甚至急性呼吸衰竭等呼吸系统症状外,诸多证据显示,新冠病毒可导致全身性疾病

新冠肺炎COVID-19)仍在全球肆虐,据数据显示,全球确诊超1亿1619万,累计死亡病例超258.0万例。除了咳嗽、发烧、甚至急性呼吸衰竭等呼吸系统症状外,诸多证据显示,新冠病毒可导致全身性疾病,包括消化系统、血管系统以及泌尿系统等等。当然,有研究表明,新冠病毒对任何人群都具有一定的感染性,根据临床观察,中老年人,身体体质虚弱或者是有基础疾病的人群更易被感染。

近日,发表在Nature Medicine杂志的一项研究显示,基于基因组特征发现,男性,老年人和吸烟人群更易被SARS-CoV-2所感染。

SARS-CoV-2病毒在进入细胞之前需要血管紧张素转换酶2ACE2)和辅助蛋白酶(TMPRSS2CTSL),这些酶在不同组织器官的具有不同的表达程度。研究人员在107个不同组织的单细胞RNA测序研究中评估了ACE2TMPRSS2CTSL的细胞类型特异性表达。ACE2TMPRSS2CTSL在鼻腔、气管和肺泡中的呼吸道上皮细胞的特定子集以及COVID-19的传播或病理相关的其他器官的细胞中共同表达。

研究人员对31项肺部单细胞RNA测序研究进行了荟萃分析,从228人的377个鼻腔、气道和肺实质样本中提取了1320,896个细胞研究发现,年龄,吸烟和性别在SARS-CoV-2进入细胞复制能力中均起着重要作用。

具体而言,在男性,老年人和吸烟人群中,ACE2酶的表达更高,这意味着新冠病毒更容易进入并感染这些细胞。在男性和老年人中TMPRSS2表达更多,而且,除了TMPRSS2以外的其他酶也可以使病毒感染人体。研究人员进一步发现,ACE2TMPRSS2CTSL的表达水平随着男性的年龄增加而增加,包括在气道分泌细胞和肺泡2型细胞中的表达。

总之,该研究揭示了年龄、性别和吸烟与ACE2TMPRSS2CTSL表达水平的细胞类型特异性关联。除了高血压和糖尿病等合并症外,这项研究还有助于解释为什么老年人和吸烟者可能面临较高的COVID-19感染风险,因此这些人群应该优先接种疫苗。

原始出处

undefined undefined et al. Single-cell meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes across tissues and demographics, Nature Medicine (2021). DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-01227-z

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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1885030, encodeId=fe2a188503043, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 11 03:27:25 CST 2021, time=2021-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=950961, encodeId=66739509616e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46ce580e865' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新冠肺炎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=98, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58078, encryptionId=46ce580e865, topicName=新冠肺炎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210706/5924e86cc73c43efb5bad9dd92ac0d7b/63609a5527c447f48b59b39dd248a66f.jpg, createdBy=cf0a5102349, createdName=站在塔尖, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 11:24:45 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1605144, encodeId=3e78160514472, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5cba39435fd' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吸烟者#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39435, encryptionId=5cba39435fd, topicName=吸烟者)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=cc8619318136, createdName=124984e7m89暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 08:27:25 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1610942, encodeId=32f3161094239, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Mar 07 08:27:25 CST 2021, time=2021-03-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1029187, encodeId=fc15102918eca, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Fri Mar 05 20:27:25 CST 2021, time=2021-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945791, encodeId=d6f5945e91d2, content=好文章!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=96, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Fri Mar 05 17:58:46 CST 2021, time=2021-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=945775, encodeId=f407945e7501, content=惊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=93, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=38115461682, createdName=ms8000000635027603, createdTime=Fri Mar 05 17:48:57 CST 2021, time=2021-03-05, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-05 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

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    2021-03-05 jyzxjiangqin

    好文章!

    0

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    2021-03-05 ms8000000635027603

    0

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