Gastroenterology:提高筛查率而非提前筛查是更具成本效益的结肠癌筛查方案

2019-04-10 MedSci MedSci原创

研究认为,在45岁开始进行CRC筛查具有一定的成本效益。然而通过提高未接受筛查的老年人和高风险人群的参与率,可以获得更大的利益

目前美国癌症协会建议从45岁开始结肠直肠癌(CRC)筛查,而不是50岁。近日研究人员就该建议的成本效益进行了考察。

研究人员建立马尔可夫模型,比较了筛选策略和资源分配。根据年龄和人口普查获得的筛查参与率来进行国家结肠癌预防成本效益预测。

每1000名筛查人员中,在45岁而不是50岁进行结肠镜检查减少了4个CRC发病和2个CRC死亡,增加了14个质量调整寿命年(QALY),花费增加了33900美元/QALY,并需要额外进行758次结肠镜检查。研究发现758个结肠镜检查机会可以用来筛查231名未接受过筛查的55岁人员,或者342名未接受筛查的65岁人员,直到75岁,而这一替代方案避免了13-14例CRC病例和6-7例CRC死亡,并增加27-28 QALYs,同时节省了163700-445800美元。若在粪便免疫化学试验异常结果后进行结肠镜检查可更具成本效益,从45岁开始粪便免疫化学测试,而不是50岁,增加费用仅为7700美元/QALY。全美范围内,将目前试验特定年龄筛查时间提前5年可避免29400例CRC和11100例CRC死亡,但需要增加1070万次结肠镜检查,增加费用为104亿美元。若将年龄在50-75岁之间的人的筛查率提高到80%,会以1/3的成本增量避免近3倍的CRC死亡。

研究认为,在45岁开始进行CRC筛查具有一定的成本效益。然而通过提高未接受筛查的老年人和高风险人群的参与率,可以获得更大的利益。

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    2019-07-24 许安
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