Lancet子刊:遵循健康生活方式,慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡风险降低70%

2022-08-07 小文子 MedSci原创

采取低风险生活方式与更高的预期寿命相关,男性30岁时预期寿命增加8.8岁,女性预期寿命增加8.1岁。

提高人均预期寿命是健康中国2030的目标之一。Lancet Public Health杂志近日发表的一项研究,调查了健康生活方式与中国成年人预期寿命的相关程度。

采用中国慢性病前瞻性研究 (CKB),调查与个体和综合生活方式因素(从不吸烟或不因病戒烟、不过量饮酒、积极锻炼、健康饮食习惯和健康体型)相关的死亡相对风险。排除患有冠心病、卒中、癌症或体重指数缺失的受试者。对于慢性呼吸系统疾病的分析,排除了患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病或哮喘的参与者。使用中国营养与健康监测(CNHS;2015)的数据估计了生活方式因素的全国发生率,并从全球疾病负担、伤害和危险因素研究(2015)中推导出死亡率。将三个数据源合并,使用生命表法估计遵循不同生活方式因素水平的30岁个体的预期寿命。

排除基线时有冠心病、卒中、癌症或 BMI 数据缺失的 CKB 受试者后,487209人被纳入主要分析。基线时患有 COPD 或哮喘的受试者被排除在慢性呼吸系统疾病相关分析之外,剩下451233例受试者的数据可用于分析。使用2015年 CNHS中171127例30~84岁成年人的数据估计生活方式相关因素的性别特异性和年龄特异性患病率。中位随访11.1年(IQR 10.2~12.1)期间,CKB有42496例死亡记录。

联合考虑低风险生活方式因素时,与具有0~1个低风险生活方式因素的参与者相比,具有5个低风险生活方式因素的参与者全因死亡率的校正风险比(aHR)为0.38(95%CI,0.34~0.43),心血管疾病死亡率的 aHR 为0.37(0.30~0.46),癌症死亡率的 aHR 为0.47(0.39~0.56),慢性呼吸系统疾病死亡率的 aHR 为0.30(0.14~0.64)

具有0~1个低风险因素生活方式的个体在30岁时的预期寿命,男性平均为41.7岁(95%CI,41.5~42.0),女性平均为47.3岁(46.6~48.0)。对于具有所有5个低风险因素生活方式的个体,男性30岁时的预期寿命为50.5岁(95%CI,48.5–52.4),女性为55.4岁(95%CI 53.5–57.4);这意味着男性的差异为8.8年(95%CI,6.8–10.7),女性的差异为8.1年(95%CI,6.5–9.9)。男性和女性预期寿命延长估计主要归因于心血管疾病(男性2.4年 [占总预期寿命延长的27%],女性3.7年 [46%])、癌症(男性2.6年 [30%],女性0.9年 [11%])、慢性呼吸道疾病(男性0.6年 [7%],女性1.2年 [15%])的死亡率降低。

研究结果表明,通过公共卫生干预措施增加5种健康生活方式因素的采用可能与中国人群预期寿命的大幅增加相关。

原文出处:

Qiufen Sun*, Dongmei Yu, et al, Healthy lifestyle and life expectancy at age 30 years in the Chinese population: an observational study, Lancet Public Health, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(22)00110-4.

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    2023-06-15 howi
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    2022-08-07 ms1000000590489287

    ^😀

    0

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    2022-08-07 younei

    lancet上果然牛,感谢williamhill asia 更新及时

    0

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Journal of Happiness Studies:水果、蔬菜和运动,会让你更快乐!

科学家们总在提醒人们应该拥有健康的生活方式,吸烟者应该戒烟,久坐者需要动起来,蛋白和沙拉比热狗披萨好。然而,人们常常会本能地抵触这些信息,进而潜意识的忽略这些忠言逆耳。

中国研究:随访超万名85岁以上老人12年后,原来这5大健康生活方式是长寿关键!附健康生活方式评分表

BMC Geriatr:生活方式相关因素对中国老年人总死亡率的综合影响:一项前瞻性队列研究

Neurology:低收入美国黑人和白人健康生活方式与阿兹海默病和相关痴呆风险的关系

健康的生活方式对于预防阿尔茨海默氏病和相关性痴呆(ADRD)的重要性已得到广泛认可。研究支持健康生活方式对社会经济处境不利的美国人预防 ADRD 的显著益处,表明促进健康的生活方式至关重要。

Plos Med:坚持健康的生活方式,可极大降低结直肠癌患病风险

据数据显示,结直肠癌(CRC)是美国第三大最常被诊断的癌症和第三大癌症死亡原因。既往研究显示,坚持健康的生活方式可预防20%到70%的CRC死亡率。然而,健康生活方式很难长期坚持,特别是对于内窥镜检查

“帮助关系”对促进慢性肾脏疾病患者坚持健康生活方式的有效性

研究证明帮助关系促进慢性肾脏疾病患者坚持健康生活方式的有效性。