Hypertension:高血压初始治疗或将有重大变革1/4剂量降压药横空出世

2017-07-13 选题审校:张琪 编辑:贾朝娟 环球医学

降压策略的一个关键要求是具有较大的疗效和最小化的副作用。低剂量联合在这方面已经展现较好前景,但是有关非常低剂量疗法的数据很少。因此,研究者对至少1/4剂量与1个安慰剂和标准剂量单药疗法的随机对照试验开展了一项系统评价和荟萃分析。研究结果2017年7月发表在《Hypertension》。

降压策略的一个关键要求是具有较大的疗效和最小化的副作用。低剂量联合在这方面已经展现较好前景,但是有关非常低剂量疗法的数据很少。因此,研究者对至少1/4剂量与1个安慰剂和标准剂量单药疗法的随机对照试验开展了一项系统评价和荟萃分析。研究结果2017年7月发表在《Hypertension》。

在Medline、Embase、Cochrane注册库、美国食品药品监督管理局和欧洲药品管理局网站进行检索。采用固定效应模型汇总有关血压和不良事件的数据,采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估偏倚。

该评价本综述共纳入42项研究涉及20284名受试者。36项对比评估1/4剂量和安慰剂表明,1/4剂量降低血压值-4.7/-2.4 mmHg(P<0.001)。6项对比双重1/4剂量疗法和安慰剂,双重1/4剂量降低血压值-6.7/ -4.4 mmHg(P<0.001)。没有研究比较三重1/4剂量组合 vs 安慰剂,但1项1/4剂量的四重组合(1/4BB+1/4TZ+1/4ARB+1/4CCB)研究观察到同安慰剂相比可降低血压值为-22.4/-13.1 mmHg(P<0.001)。同标准剂量单药疗法相比,单一1/4剂量(37项研究)升高血压值+3.7/+2.6 mmHg(P<0.001)、双重1/4剂量(7项研究)升高血压值+1.3/-0.3 mmHg(NS)、三重1/4剂量(1项研究) 可降低血压值-13.1/-7.9 mmHg(P<0.001)。对于不良事件,单一和双重1/4剂量疗法同安慰剂相比没有明显差异,同标准剂量单药疗法相比具有明显较少的不良事件。1/4剂量组可能改善降压疗法的有效性和耐受性。

讨论:该评价是第一次比较1/4剂量疗法同标准剂量和安慰剂,表明在减少副作用上具有潜在的临床优势,使用1/4组合能增加疗效。单一1/4剂量疗法同安慰剂相比能降低约-4.7/-2.4 mm Hg的血压(约为标准剂量单药疗法的一半),并且没有明显的副作用。双重1/4剂量疗法同标准剂量单药疗法具有大约相同的疗效,且较少的副作用。有关三重1/4疗法的数据仅限于2项较小的试验,试验表明这些联合合比安慰剂和标准剂量单药疗法更有效。在单一、双重和三重1/4剂量疗效之间可见明确的剂量相关性。

多学科讨论纪实:

这项研究表明,低剂量降压药物可能具有更广泛的临床作用。使用双重1/4剂量降压治疗可能优于标准剂量单药治疗,血压降低水平相当,但耐受性更好。

另外,在现有的治疗中添加单一1/4剂量药物可能可使收缩压额外降低3~4 mm Hg ,但无额外的副作用,因此可能优于双倍现有药物剂量的策略。双倍现有药物剂量的策略仅能使收缩压额外降低1~2 mm Hg,但代价是副作用增加。

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    2017-10-12 feather89
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    2017-07-14 1de646ebm32(暂无匿称)

    可能降低了病人的依从性,一般人总是希望越简单越好

    0

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    2017-07-13 虈亣靌

    学习一下谢谢分享

    0

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    2017-07-13 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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