Nat Med:中外科学家研究证实 寨卡病毒延迟儿童神经发育

2019-07-11 唐凤 中国科学报

美国加州大学洛杉矶分校和中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所等机构研究人员,报告了2015年至2016年巴西里约热内卢寨卡病毒大流行期间,感染寨卡病毒的孕妇生下的216名婴儿的神经发育情况,结果显示,约1/3的儿童神经发育或视力/听力异常。相关论文7月8日刊登于《自然—医学》。

美国加州大学洛杉矶分校和中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所等机构研究人员,报告了2015年至2016年巴西里约热内卢寨卡病毒大流行期间,感染寨卡病毒的孕妇生下的216名婴儿的神经发育情况,结果显示,约1/3的儿童神经发育或视力/听力异常。相关论文7月8日刊登于《自然—医学》。

感染寨卡病毒后可能出现发热、皮疹、关节痛等类似登革热的症状。绝大多数寨卡病毒感染者症状温和,但孕妇感染寨卡病毒可能损害胎儿大脑,导致新生儿小头症及其他神经系统病变。

2015年9月至2016年6月巴西里约热内卢寨卡病毒流行期间,研究人员招募了244名寨卡病毒检测结果呈阳性的孕妇。统计结果显示,在223例胎儿存活病例中,早产率为13%,10例(4.6%)胎龄偏小。216名随访的婴儿中有8例确诊为小头畸形。

该团队利用贝利婴儿发展量表(第三版)对其中146名儿童进行了认知、语言和运动评估,并对其余70名儿童进行了神经发育问卷调查和神经学检查。研究人员对这些儿童进行了完整的视力检查和听力评估。结果显示,在7~32个月大的儿童中,有31.5%的儿童神经发育低于平均水平,而且视力或听力评估异常;语言功能受影响最大,146名儿童中有35%低于平均水平。

研究人员表示,寨卡病毒对儿童神经发育的影响已得到动物研究的证实。研究显示,小鼠感染寨卡病毒后,神经功能异常,出现自闭症等症状。与研究中的儿童相似,在感染寨卡病毒亚洲菌株后,小鼠的视觉皮质功能和回路组织等明显受损。不过,早期干预或能改善在子宫内接触寨卡病毒的胎儿的神经发育轨迹,但仍需进一步研究。

原始出处:

Karin Nielsen-Saines, Patrícia Brasil, Maria Elisabeth Moreira, et.al. Delayed childhood neurodevelopment and neurosensory alterations in the second year of life in a prospective cohort of ZIKV-exposed children. Nature Medicine 08 July 2019

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    2019-09-02 liye789132251
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    2019-07-13 neurowu
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