J Nurs Manag:护理管理者应关注临床护士的批判性文化护理能力

2022-03-26 小文子 MedSci原创

医院管理者应注意文化的重要性以及不同国家或民族之间的文化差异。创造一个平等和公平的护理环境,鼓励护士提供批判性文化护理是很重要的。

批判性文化能力(CCC)包括批判性赋权、意识、知识和技能。J Nurs Manag杂志的一项研究评价了中国14所三级甲等医院的临床护士的批判性文化能力及其影响因素。为临床护士制定批判性文化培训,提高批判性能力、意识、知识和技能提供基础。

研究采用多阶段随机抽样的方法,抽取湖南省14个市的14家医院,从每家医院抽取50%的临床护士,最终调查的护士样本量为3858名。采用批判性文化能力量表(CCCS)评估临床护士的批判性文化能力。

最终纳入临床护士的年龄在20~60岁,平均年龄31.73岁(SD=6.74)。工作经验为1~42年,平均10.34年(SD=7.50)。大多数为女性(n=3747;97.12%),拥有学士学位(n=2881;74.68%)。大多数人(n=3211;83.23%)同意护士需要批判性文化能力。缺乏时间(n=2565;66.49%)、缺乏适当的知识(n=2407;62.39%)和缺乏足够的人员(n=2272;58.89%)是批判性文化护理中最常见的三个问题。大约一半的护士(n=2137;55.39%)从未接受过任何重要的文化培训,而其他人(n=1366;35.41%)每年接受一次以上的培训。

护士的CCC得分范围为132~257,平均分196.50(SD=16.81),表明护士的CCC处于中等水平。批判性赋权的标准化得分最高(M=71.91,SD=10.90),而批判性意识的标准化得分最低(M=53.61,SD=14.10)。女性护士(b=3.401; 95% CI: 0.197–6.606)、护理部护士(b=5.656; 95% CI: 0.474–10.838)和职位较高护士(b = 2.611; 95% CI: 1.914–3.308)的CCC较高。

结果表明,通过针对性培训,尤其是对CCC水平较低的男性和低级别护士,可以加强临床护士的CCC。医院管理者应注意文化的重要性以及不同国家或民族之间的文化差异。创造一个平等和公平的护理环境,鼓励护士提供批判性文化护理是很重要的。

原文出处:

Rong Wang, YuanYuan Wu, et al, Critical cultural competence of clinical nurses in China: A cross-sectional survey, 2022, doi: 10.1002/jonm.13590.

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