Clin Cancer Res:MEDI0680+Durvalumab vs 纳武单抗治疗晚期肾透明细胞癌

2022-05-07 xiaozeng MedSci原创

MEDI0680联合德瓦鲁单抗治疗晚期肾透明细胞癌的安全性和耐受性良好

肾细胞癌(RCC)是一类起源于肾小管上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤,约占所有恶性肿瘤的2-3%,每年全球新增约338000例肾细胞癌。肾细胞癌最常见的组织类型是肾透明细胞癌(ccRCC),其贡献了肾癌相关死亡的大部分病例。目前,免疫检查点抑制剂已被用于肾癌治疗。

MEDI0680 是一种人源化抗程序性细胞死亡-1 (PD-1) 抗体,德瓦鲁单抗(Durvalumab)是一种抗 PD-L1 抗体。与单独阻断 PD-1 相比,使用这两种抗体联合治疗可能会提高疗效。

本研究是一项2期临床使用,评估了MEDI0680联合德瓦鲁单抗相比纳武单抗单药治疗晚期肾透明细胞癌的疗效和安全性。

招募了既往未进行过免疫治疗的且只是进行过一次抗血管生成治疗的晚期肾透明细胞癌患者,予以MEDI0680(20 mg/kg)+德瓦鲁单抗(750 mg)或纳武单抗(240 mg)治疗,均是每两周用药一次。主要终点是客观缓解率(ORR)。次要终点包括最佳总缓解率、总生存期(OS)、无进展生存期(PFS)、安全性和免疫原性。探索性终点包括循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)、基线肿瘤突变负荷(TMB)和肿瘤浸润免疫细胞谱的变化。


两组每位患者的治疗反应

共有63位患者被随机分至两组:联合组 42位,纳武单抗组 21位。联合组和纳武单抗组的客观缓解率分别是16.7%和23.8%。两组的中位无进展生存期都是3.6个月;中位总生存期均未达到。


联合组ctDNA分数变化与PFS和OS的相关性

由于不良反应,23.8%的患者停用MEDI0680和德瓦鲁单抗,14.3%的患者停用纳武单抗。在联合组,ctDNA分数的降低与更长的无进展生存期相关。ctDNA突变分析未发现与缓解存在相关性。肿瘤浸润免疫细胞谱与联合组的免疫细胞激活和反应相关。

总而言之,MEDI0680联合德瓦鲁单抗治疗晚期肾透明细胞癌的安全性和耐受性良好,但与纳武单抗相比不能进一步提高治疗效果。

 

原始出处:

Martin H. Voss, et al. A Randomized Ph2 Study of MEDI0680 in Combination With Durvalumab vs. Nivolumab Monotherapy in Patients With Advanced or Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res clincanres.4115.2021. https://doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-21-4115

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