陈文明教授:多发性骨髓瘤新进展

2018-06-19 佚名 肿瘤威廉亚洲官网

近年来,随着多种新药的出现,多发性骨髓瘤治疗的疗效显着提高,微小残留病检测也随之成为一个热点话题。目前,微小残留病的检测手段主要包括二代测序、二代流式细胞术,以及最新出现的质谱检测,这也是本次IMWG会议重点讨论的内容。质谱检测能与常规检测手段达到同样的效果。

近年来,随着多种新药的出现,多发性骨髓瘤治疗的疗效显着提高,微小残留病检测也随之成为一个热点话题。目前,微小残留病的检测手段主要包括二代测序、二代流式细胞术,以及最新出现的质谱检测,这也是本次IMWG会议重点讨论的内容。质谱检测能与常规检测手段达到同样的效果。

相比而言,二代测序因其技术性要求比较高,因此并不能广泛地在所有医院中开展;二代流式细胞术检测较为方便,推广起来相对容易;本次会议提出的质谱检测是一种能用于检测微小残留病方法,效果很好。

筛查MGUS,尽早识别多发性骨髓瘤高风险患者

众所周知,意义未明的单克隆丙种球蛋白病(MGUS)是多发性骨髓瘤的前期阶段,识别出将来可能发展为多发性骨髓瘤的MGUS患者非常关键。识别时,需要考虑患者是否存在贫血、骨病及肾病等。实际上,MGUS患者可能会检测出早期的骨病变,这主要得益于更敏感的检查手段,如本次会议上重点讨论的影像学检查,包括全身低剂量CT、PET-CT或MRI等。对于这类出现早期骨病变的MGUS患者,将来进展为多发性骨髓瘤的风险较大,因此MGUS患者早期骨病变(如轻微的弥漫性或局灶性病变)的处理是本次会议的讨论重点。

另外,本次IMWG会议还讨论了关于MGUS的筛查。正常人群随着年龄增大,MGUS的发生比例也相应增加,因此MGUS的筛查也应加以重视。

冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤:何时需要治疗?

目前认为冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤不需要治疗,那高危的冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤是否需要治疗呢?目前已将超高危的冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤(包括骨髓的浆细胞超过60%、血清游离轻链受累/非受累的比值超过100、CT或MRI发现一个以上的骨破坏病灶)归为活动性多发性骨髓瘤。实际上,仍有部分高危冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤,虽然没有达到上述超高危的标准,但同时存在多个因素,针对这种早期的冒烟型骨髓瘤,应该如何处理呢?肿瘤提倡早诊、早治。既往由于缺乏有效的治疗方法,一般认为多发性骨髓瘤早治与晚治的疗效无差异。近年来,如卡非佐米和抗CD38单克隆抗体等新药的出现将实现杀灭早期肿瘤细胞、有效控制早期疾病、甚至治愈的目标。针对新药治疗早期或高危冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤患者的相关研究也是本次会议讨论的热点。

多发性骨髓瘤骨病

目前,多发性骨髓瘤骨病的检测手段主要有全身低剂量CT、MRI以及PET-CT等。本次会议上,德国海德堡的研究强调了全身低剂量CT的应用,并且参会者讨论了相关威廉亚洲博彩公司 的可行性。针对骨病检测在多发性骨髓瘤诊断及治疗中的应用,相关威廉亚洲博彩公司 将会发布。

多发性骨髓瘤免疫治疗的研究热点

关于多发性骨髓瘤的免疫治疗,目前的研究重点是单克隆抗体(抗CD38单抗、抗CD1抗体、CAR-T细胞疗法等)。另外,免疫治疗领域的热点问题是:如何提高疗效、减少耐药及降低不良反应。CAR-T细胞疗法目前显示出很好的疗效,但副反应相对较大,并且部分患者出现了疾病进展。因此,未来应该探索设计多靶点的CAR,进一步提高其疗效。

多发性骨髓瘤治疗药物:平衡多因素,争取最大获益

目前治疗多发性骨髓瘤的新药越来越多,但昂贵的价格也限制了其使用人群。事实上,对于目前已上市的众多新药,只有美国的患者使用不受限制,欧洲患者也因多种因素限制了使用人群。药品价格的评估因素主要是成本及患者获益,同时还需要考虑政策、患者需求等相关问题。因此,新药价格、患者及政府负担等相关药物经济学问题也成为近年的热点。

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    2019-01-03 jml2009
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    2018-06-29 zwjnj2

    好好学习天天向上

    0

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    2018-06-19 神功盖世

    0

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    2018-06-19 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了.长知识

    0

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J Med Case Reports:克拉霉素“老药新用”使复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤获完全缓解!

地塞米松(Dexamethasone)是治疗多发性骨髓瘤(MM)方案中的重要组成部分,疗效已被认可,但会引起各种不良反应。该个案报道介绍了一种不含地塞米松的新方案——由硼替佐米(Bortezomib)、来那度胺(Lenalidomide)联合克拉霉素(Clarithromycin)组成,治疗1例合并糖尿病(DM)的难治性λ轻链型MM,并获得了严格意义完全缓解(sCR)。

Blood:不符合移植条件的新诊断NDMM患者:Rd持续治疗vs MPT

2018年1月,法国、希腊、美国等国科学家在《Blood》发表了新诊断多发性骨髓瘤(NDMM)起始治疗的3期FIRST试验中生存结局的最终分析。

蔡真教授:多发性骨髓瘤二线治疗的新药方案及治疗策略选择

目前,多发性骨髓瘤(MM)仍为不可治愈性疾病,绝大部分MM患者最终不可避免地出现复发,因此,MM的二线治疗具有极其重要的临床价值。近年来,多发性骨髓瘤领域新药进展显着,为MM的二线治疗方案带来更多新选择。

NEJM:雨滴颅骨-病例报道

骨髓活检和抽吸样本证实骨髓中有50%的克隆浆细胞,血清蛋白电泳显示为单克隆IgA旁蛋白。最初的治疗包括红细胞输血治疗贫血和补液纠正高钙血症。患者对诱导治疗反应不好,诊断3个月后死亡。

Blood:代替多位点骨穿活检确定风险风采的新方法——局部病损大小数量指示风险风层

中心点:对于新确诊的骨髓瘤患者,存在≥3个大面积局部病损,预后不良。多发大面积局部病损的预测意义独立于R-ISS、GEP70和髓外疾病之外。摘要:在多发性骨髓瘤(MM)中常可见到空间内部肿瘤异质性,这对依赖于髂嵴穿刺的肿瘤样本的风险分层来说是一个巨大挑战。鉴于对多个骨骼部位进行活检评估比较困难,williamhill asia 需要可代替的风险分层方法。近日发现,局部病损(FL)的大小似乎可作为空间异质性的替代标志物,提示医学

CLIN CANCER RES:血小板通过上调IL-1β促进多发性骨髓瘤进展

实体肿瘤细胞与血小板之间的作用会促进肿瘤进展和转移。但是,血小板在血液学肿瘤中的作用尚不清楚。CLIN CANCER RES近期发表了一篇文章,研究多发性骨髓瘤患者血小板活化状态与临床分期的关系以及血小板在多发性骨髓瘤进展中的作用。