Nature:“坏胆固醇”原来是这样进入血管内壁的...

2019-04-26 不详 中国生物技术网

近日,美国德克萨斯大学西南医学中心(UTSW)的研究人员确定了体内循环的“坏胆固醇”如何进入动脉壁,并产生斑块使血管变窄,从而导致心脏病发作和中风。这项研究4月24日已发表在《Nature》上。研究通讯作者、肺与心血管生物学中心的负责人、儿科学教授Philip Shaul博士说,低密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇进入动脉壁会导致动脉粥样硬化或动脉硬化的发展,而动脉粥样硬化会进一步导致心脏病发作和中风。因

近日,美国德克萨斯大学西南医学中心(UTSW)的研究人员确定了体内循环的“坏胆固醇”如何进入动脉壁,并产生斑块使血管变窄,从而导致心脏病发作和中风。这项研究4月24日已发表在《Nature》上。研究通讯作者、肺与血管生物学中心的负责人、儿科学教授Philip Shaul博士说,低密度脂蛋白(LDL)胆固醇进入动脉壁会导致动脉粥样硬化或动脉硬化的发展,而动脉粥样硬化会进一步导致心脏病发作和中风。因此,预防LDL胆固醇进入动脉的治疗方法有助于降低这些致命疾病的发生率。

据《中国心血管病报告2017概要》指出,中国心血管病死亡占居民疾病死亡构成40%以上,居首位,高于肿瘤及其他疾病,并且心血管病患病率及死亡率仍处于上升阶段。这项新研究首次揭示了一种名为SR-B1(清道夫受体)的蛋白质如何使LDL颗粒到达并穿过血管内皮细胞。该研究还发现,另一种名为胞质分裂作用因子4(DOCK4)的蛋白质会与SR-B1结合,DOCK4在这一过程是关键。

在动脉粥样硬化早期,进入动脉壁的LDL会被巨噬细胞吞噬。富含LDL的巨噬细胞成为泡沫细胞,促进炎症和动脉粥样硬化斑块的进一步发展。这些斑块使动脉变窄且变得不稳定。破裂的斑块可以激活血凝,阻止血液流向大脑或心脏,从而导致中风或心脏病发作。在对胆固醇升高小鼠进行的研究中,研究人员确定,删除其血管内皮细胞中的SR-B1可以显着减少进入动脉壁的LDL,从而减少泡沫细胞的形成,以及更小的动脉粥样硬化斑块。Shaul博士说:“在这项研究开始时,williamhill asia 并不知道LDL如何进入动脉壁并引起心血管疾病。williamhill asia 的研究结果解释了这一谜题,并推翻了很多科学家之前的假设,即LDL只能通过作为动脉壁保护屏障的单层上皮细胞的受损位置进入血管。”

在这项研究中,研究人员将小鼠主动脉容易形成斑块区域中SR-B1和DOCK4的丰度,与不太可能成为动脉粥样硬化的区域相比。他们发现,在动脉粥样硬化斑块形成之前,疾病易发区的SR-B1和DOCK4水平较高。这一发现表明,动脉粥样硬化病变在特定的动脉部位可能更为常见,因为那里有更多的SR-B1和DOCK4。为了确定这些发现是否适用于人类,研究团队在美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)维护的三个独立数据库中分析了人类动脉粥样硬化和正常动脉的数据。在所有三个数据库中,SR-B1和DOCK4在动脉粥样硬化的动脉中更为丰富。Shaul博士说,研究人员正在探索使用基因疗法来关闭或减少SR-B1或DOCK4在动脉内皮细胞中的功能以预防动脉粥样硬化的可能性。他说:“如果williamhill asia 能开发一种抑制SR-B1或DOCK4的药物,或者是在内皮细胞中使它们沉默的基因疗法,就可能减少动脉粥样硬化,从而减少冠状动脉疾病、心脏病发作和中风的发生率。这些策略将对当前降低LDL水平的疗法进行补充,对于无法使LDL水平降低的情况,这种疗法变得尤为重要。”

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    2020-02-04 liye789132251
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    2019-06-15 一个字-牛

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    2019-04-27 医学取经人

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    2019-04-27 天地飞扬

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    2019-04-26 一个字-牛

    学习了谢谢分享

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帕尔马黄色瘤也可见于III型高脂蛋白血症(家族性坏蛋白血症)患者。黄色瘤很少如此严重,以至于妨碍日常生活。在开始每周进行低密度脂蛋白分离术后3个月内,病变几乎消失,患者报告疼痛缓解和功能大幅改善。