Biological Psychiatry子刊:年轻大麻吸食者的社会排斥反应并不相同

2016-03-30 MedSci MedSci原创

既往研究报告,同龄是预测青少年和年轻成人使用大麻的最重要的其中一个因素,但是尚未有研究探究吸食大麻者的社会处理的神经关联。

既往研究报告,同龄是预测青少年和年轻成人使用大麻的最重要的其中一个因素,但是尚未有研究探究吸食大麻者的社会处理的神经关联。

本研究共纳入了20名吸食大麻的年轻人和22名不吸食大麻的对照人群,所有研究对象参与一个称为Cyberball的神经影像学社会排斥的任务,这是一种电脑抛球游戏,抛出预定数目的球后参与者被退出比赛。

对照组人群在被退出游戏之后,其脑岛被明显激活,这是与消极情绪有关的大脑区域。在同伴被退出游戏后,两组人群的大脑腹侧前扣带皮层都被激活,这是与情感监测有关的一个大脑区域。只有大麻组人群的腹侧前扣带皮层激活和自我报告的同伴合作评分之间具有关联。

总而言之,该研究表明,吸食大麻者在面对社会排斥时表现出非典型性的神经处理。这种激活的差异可能先于吸食大麻存在并可能导致吸食大麻者发病,以及/或吸食大麻导致了这种结果。

原始出处:

Jodi M. Gilman, Max T. Curran, et al., Altered Neural Processing to Social Exclusion in Young Adult Marijuana Users. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, March 2016, Pages 152–159.

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    2016-10-15 sunylz
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    2016-04-01 kcb069
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CNS 2015:大麻不仅对癫痫疗效好,还有更多奇效

近期有研究者提出,对儿童难治性癫痫使用包含纯大麻二酚的临床实验产品(Epidiolex) ,在未来可以得到更多的积极的成果。研究结果显示该药物可以家少3个月婴儿38%的癫痫发生,减少6个月婴儿31%的癫痫发生。该研究纳入了药物治疗无效的癫痫患者,包括Dravet综合症、Lennox-Gastaut综合症、早发性癫痫脑病的混合类型、原因不明的难治性癫痫、结构性损伤患者。参与者服用大麻二酚 (CBD)

JAMA Psychiatry:美国大麻限令是否可取消?

在美国越来越多的人关于是否应将大麻的使用归于合法这一问题争执不休。迄今为止,美国共有23个州有医疗用大麻的法律法规,而4个州将大麻使用归于合法化。现在,Bridget F. Grant教授为首的研究团队针对民众吸食大麻的程度及对大麻的态度进行了调查,并将研究结果发表在JAMA。 尽管与大麻相关的法律法规和美国民众对吸食大麻的态度都在发生改变,研究人员注意到,很少人注意到吸食大麻对民众是否及造成怎样

Science:青少年时期吸食大麻真的会变笨吗?

大约一半的美国人会在一生中使用大麻,其中大部分可能在青少年时期就已经开始。尽管一些研究表明大麻可能会对正在发育的大脑造成损伤,但真正是否存在风险还没有定论。最近,科学家们对青少年长期服用大麻的影响进行了追踪研究。通过分析双胞胎中长期吸食大麻对IQ的影响,并排除了环境因素后,科学家们发现使用大麻并不会对IQ造成负面的影响。 “这是一项十分严谨的研究”,来自伦敦学院大学的心理药物学家Valerie