NEJM:神经肌肉阻滞在ARDS机械通气中的应用价值

2019-06-12 杨中华 脑血管病及重症文献导读

急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)是一种肺部炎性形式,会引起呼吸衰竭伴低氧血症,降低肺顺应性,胸部影像可见双侧肺泡透过性下降。不同机械性通气的方法会影响 ARDS 患者的生存和预后。比如,神经肌肉阻滞减轻患者-呼吸机的不同步,降低呼吸功和肺泡内积液。不过,长时间使用神经肌肉阻滞剂与随后的神经肌肉无力有关。截止到目前为止最大型多中心


急性呼吸窘迫综合征(acute respiratory distress syndrome,ARDS)是一种肺部炎性形式,会引起呼吸衰竭伴低氧血症,降低肺顺应性,胸部影像可见双侧肺泡透过性下降。不同机械性通气的方法会影响 ARDS 患者的生存和预后。比如,神经肌肉阻滞减轻患者-呼吸机的不同步,降低呼吸功和肺泡内积液。不过,长时间使用神经肌肉阻滞剂与随后的神经肌肉无力有关。截止到目前为止最大型多中心试验,ACURASYS 试验,已经发表了近10年,从那时起 ICU 实践已经发生了很大改变。该项试验的研究者报道早期输注为期48h 的神经肌肉阻滞剂能给个降低中-严重 ARDS(定义为 PaO2/FiO2<150,PEEP>=5 cmH2O)患者的死亡率(vs.常规镇静,不使用常规使用神经肌肉阻滞剂)。尽管这是一项阳性结果的研究,但是早期神经肌肉阻滞并未得到广泛应用,当前威廉亚洲博彩公司 也仅给出了弱推荐。这主要是因为缺乏比较神经肌肉阻滞联合深度镇静和当前实践(以轻度镇静为目标)的研究,也缺乏神经肌肉阻滞对神经肌肉功能和长期预后作用的数据。另外,神经肌肉阻滞需要深度镇静,本身就会引起不良预后。

 NHLBI(National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute)学会的PETAL(Prevention and Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury)临床试验网发起了 ROSE(Reevaluation of Systemic Early Neuromuscular Blockade)试验,目的在于比较早期神经肌肉阻滞联合深度镇静和轻度镇静的常规治疗策略对中-严重 ARDS 患者的有效性和安全性。该研究于2019年5月发表在 NEJM 上。


该研究为多中心、非盲法、随机试验,纳入了中-严重 ARDS(定义为 PaO2/FiO2< 150 mmHg,PEEP>=8)的患者,随机给予为期48h持续输注顺-阿曲库铵联合深度镇静(干预组)或常规治疗(不常规给予神经肌肉阻滞,给予轻度镇静)(对照组)。两组皆给予相同的机械通气策略,包括高 PEEP。主要终点为90天在院全因死亡。

二次中间分析未发现获益,所以终止试验。该研究纳入了1006例早期(发作后平均7.6h)中-严重 ARDS 的患者。随机第一个48h 期间,干预组(共501例)中488例(97.4%)开始持续输注顺-阿曲库铵(平均输注时间未47.8h;平均剂量,1807 mg),对照组(共505例)中86例(17%)接受了神经阻滞剂(平均剂量,38 mg)治疗。90天时,干预组和对照组的出院前死亡率分别为42.5%和42.8%(组间差异, ?0.3%; 95% CI, ?6.4 to 5.9; P = 0.93)。与对照组相比,干预组在院期间体育活动(physically active)更少,不良心血管事件更多。

最终作者认为对于接受了高 PEEP 策略的中-严重 ARDS 患者,早期连续顺-阿曲库铵输注与轻度镇静目标的常规方法的90天死亡率没有显著性差异。

原始出处:

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute PETAL Clinical Trials Network.Early Neuromuscular Blockade in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.N Engl J Med. 2019 May 23;380(21):1997-2008. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1901686. Epub 2019 May 19.

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    2022-05-09 Doctoryangbai

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    2020-02-29 drwjr
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    2019-06-14 yjs木玉

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    2019-06-13 旺医

    顶刊就是顶刊,谢谢williamhill asia 带来这么高水平的研究报道,williamhill asia 科里同事经常看williamhill asia ,分享williamhill asia 上的信息

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