Clin Cancer Res:DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂Guadecitabine联合顺铂和吉西他滨治疗实体恶性肿瘤

2021-02-18 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

DNA甲基转移酶抑制剂Guadecitabine联合顺铂和吉西他滨治疗实体恶性肿瘤的推荐2期剂量

临床前数据表明,抑制DNA甲基转移酶可规避多种癌症对顺铂产生耐药性。Guadecitabine(SGI-110)是一种新型地西他滨的低甲基化二核苷酸,是 DNA 甲基转移酶 (DNMT) 的抑制剂。

SPIRE试验分为两个阶段,第一个阶段是针对不可治愈的转移性实体癌的剂量递增阶段,第二个阶段是针对T2-4a期N0 M0的膀胱尿路上皮癌的新辅助治疗的随机剂量扩展阶段。主要目的是明确guadecitabine联合吉西他滨和顺铂的推荐II期剂量(RP2D)。

剂量递增阶段的用药时间

在剂量递增阶段,剂量限制性毒性主要与队列2需要G-CSF进行预防的骨髓抑制有关(guadecitabine 20 mg/m2,第1-5天)。在剂量递增阶段的17例患者中最常见的≥3级不良事件有中性粒细胞减少(76.5%)、血小板减少(64.7%)、白细胞减少(29.4%)和贫血(29.4%)。

扩展阶段的用药时间

在扩展阶段中,将guadecitabine加入吉西他滨和顺铂可导致相似的严重血液学不良事件发生率,相似的顺铂剂量强度,但吉西他滨剂量强度略有降低。化疗后的根治性治疗选择没有妥协。

药效学评估表明,guadecitabine在顺铂给药点时有最大的靶向效应。药代动力学与既往研究数据一致。无治疗相关性死亡。

综上,guadecitabine联合吉西他滨和顺铂时的RP2D为20 mg/m2,第1~5天,且需要G-CSF预防骨髓抑制。虽然有一些额外的骨髓抑制,总体上,在吉西他滨和顺铂的基础上加用guadecitabine是可以耐受的。目前还需要进一步的研究以评估该联合方案的疗效。

原始出处:

Crabb Simon J,Danson Sarah,Catto James W F et al. Phase I Trial of DNA Methyltransferase Inhibitor Guadecitabine Combined with Cisplatin and Gemcitabine for Solid Malignancies Including Urothelial Carcinoma (SPIRE). Clin Cancer Res, 2021,10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-20-3946

 

 

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    2021-04-25 jklm09
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Oncogene:KNSTRN通过激活膀胱癌中的AKT来促进肿瘤的发生和吉西他滨的耐药性

KNSTRN是有丝分裂纺锤体的一个组成部分,在肿瘤发生中很少有研究。AKT通过调控各种底物的磷酸化,在肿瘤发生中起着重要作用。AKT的激活是由PTEN和PIP3调节的。

Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol:晚期胰腺癌的术前诱导化疗 Nab-紫杉醇+吉西他滨是否需继以FOLFIRINOX序贯化疗?

本研究旨在比较Nab-紫杉醇+吉西他滨与Nab-紫杉醇+吉西他滨继以氟尿嘧啶、亚叶酸、伊立替康和奥沙利铂(FOLFIRINOX)作为局部晚期胰腺癌多药诱导化疗方案的疗效和安全性。