Immunity:肠道微生物关键毒素促进炎症反应

2015-04-24 MedSci 生物谷

众所周知,williamhill asia 的肠道内部寄生着大量的微生物群,这些微生物中有相当一部分对人体是有益的。比如细菌分泌的维生素以及短链脂肪酸能够促进肠道免疫系统的发育。同时,宿主也进化出一些手段来避免不正常的肠道炎症反应。比如肠道上皮覆盖的粘膜层以及抗菌肽能够有效阻止微生物与宿主细胞的过分接触。目前的一些研究发现化学物质诱导的小鼠肠炎症状在肠道微生物缺失的情况下会得到缓解。进一步的研究发现特定的微生物种群能够促进肠道

众所周知,williamhill asia 的肠道内部寄生着大量的微生物群,这些微生物中有相当一部分对人体是有益的。比如细菌分泌的维生素以及短链脂肪酸能够促进肠道免疫系统的发育。同时,宿主也进化出一些手段来避免不正常的肠道炎症反应。比如肠道上皮覆盖的粘膜层以及抗菌肽能够有效阻止微生物与宿主细胞的过分接触。

目前的一些研究发现化学物质诱导的小鼠肠炎症状在肠道微生物缺失的情况下会得到缓解。进一步的研究发现特定的微生物种群能够促进肠道的炎症反应,例如肠杆菌科的一些菌种。然而,确切的信号通路目前还不清楚。
 
炎症反应的第一步是信号的感应。常见的如病原体侵染或细胞损伤引起的信号能够被宿主的信号识别受体所识别。其中炎症小体是重要的一员(具体关于炎症小体的知识不再赘述)。迄今为止,有一系列炎症小体被鉴定得到,而作为其中最有名的一类炎症小体:NLRP3,能够被不同的配体激活,比如细菌穿孔素,细菌RNA,ATP,晶体物质等。NLRP3在肠道炎症反应中的作用近年来进行了许多深入的研究,然而结果却十分不统一。有的研究发现缺失了NLRP3后小鼠对肠炎更加敏感,然而另外一些研究却得出了相反的结论。关于IL-1b的作用的研究也是十分混乱。
 
最近,来自美国密歇根大学Gabriel Núñez研究组发现了一类特定的肠道微生物P. mirabilis
 
能够促进肠道NLRP3的激活以及IL-1b的分泌,而这一效应是由CCR2+的单核细胞介导的。相关研究结果发表在最近一期的immunity杂志上。
 
首先,作者分别利用SPF小鼠与GF小鼠的粪便对骨髓巨噬细胞进行体外刺激,结果显示:SPF小鼠的粪便能够引起明显的IL-1b的分泌,而GF小鼠的粪便则没有这一效应。之后,作者分别对SPF小鼠以及GF小鼠(或经过抗生素处理的小鼠)进行DSS诱导肠炎的实验。结果显示:DSS诱导之后SPF小鼠肠道固有层细胞会有明显的IL-1b,IL-6以及TNF-a的释放,而微生物缺失后的小鼠体内固有层细胞则以上因子的分泌明显减少。这一结果说明肠道的微生物促进了小鼠肠道附近的炎症反应。
 
之后,作者利用DSS诱导的肠炎模型比较了野生型小鼠与IL-1b-/-小鼠的症状。结果显示:突变体小鼠的肠炎严重程度明显低于野生型。这一实验说明IL-1b是炎症反应的关键分子。接下来,作者利用SPF小鼠的粪便体外刺激野生型,caspase1以及caspase1&11突变体小鼠的骨髓巨噬细胞,通过检测炎性因子的分泌,作者发现IL-1b的释放依赖于caspase1而非caspase11,而TNF-a的释放与两类caspase都没有关系。进一步,作者通过对一系列的突变小鼠骨髓巨噬细胞的检测,发现IL-1b的释放依赖于NLRP3蛋白,同样,体内的实验也证明了这一结论。
 
肠道存在大量的不同类型的免疫细胞,为了寻找哪一类免疫细胞介导了这一炎症反应,作者首先分离DSS刺激后的小鼠肠道固有层(LP)的免疫细胞进行分析,结果显示LP细胞在经过DSS刺激后发生了明显的IL-1b的上升,而IL-6的表达没有差异。之后,作者通过时序性分析发现DSS刺激后IL1b的分泌量与LP中Ly6C+的单核细胞的数量存在明显的相关性。通过进一步的细胞分选与分析,作者发现LP细胞分泌IL-1b的量与其表达Ly6C的量存在明显的相关性。在Ly6chigh的这一细胞亚群中,IL-1b的分泌也受到NLRP3的影响。另外,体内的实验也验证了上述结果(SPF小鼠在DSS刺激后单核细胞分泌IL-1b的量明显多于GF小鼠),并且发现这一类细胞分泌IL-1b的水平同时受到一类趋化因子CCR2的影响。以上实验说明CCR2+ Ly6Chigh的单核细胞是IL-1b的主要贡献来源。
 
随后,作者希望了解哪一类细菌能够引起宿主IL-1B的释放,通过一系列的筛选实验,作者发现在众多能够引起IL-1B释放的细菌中,P. mirabilis的效应最快最强烈。而且这一效应也受到NLRP3等一系列炎症小体蛋白的影响。之后,作者通过单菌定植的实验证明了P. mirabilis在体内的促炎症作用。在此基础上,作者通过基因组水平的分析找到了可能引起宿主免疫反应的一系列基因,并构建了相应的菌株突变体。体内外检测结果显示,只有HpmA蛋白的突变能够完全抑制该细菌对小鼠IL-1b的释放,然而当人为补充hpmA时这一抑制现象得到了解除。以上实验说明hpmA是可能的单核细胞IL-1b信号通路的配体物质。

原始出处:

Sang-Uk Seo, Nobuhiko Kamada, Raúl Muñoz-Planillo, Yun-Gi Kim, Donghyun Kim, Yukiko Koizumi, Mizuho Hasegawa, Stephanie D. Himpsl, Hilary P. Browne, Trevor D. Lawley, Harry L.T. Mobley, Naohiro Inohara, Gabriel Núñez. Distinct Commensals Induce Interleukin-1β via NLRP3 Inflammasome in Inflammatory Monocytes to Promote Intestinal Inflammation in Response to Injury. Immunity, April 21, 2015, 42(4):744-755.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2015.03.004

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    2015-05-07 acount

    学习过

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030296, encodeId=0c3c203029661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Jun 30 23:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824596, encodeId=c3c3182459699, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=702a5065860' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50658, encryptionId=702a5065860, topicName=微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Mon Jun 15 10:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22874, encodeId=3959228e4f7, content=学习过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Thu May 07 18:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22310, encodeId=07512231040, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0cad31998, createdName=dwtouxx, createdTime=Thu Apr 30 10:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22069, encodeId=71bd22069cd, content=NLRP很火啊!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 20:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1320811, encodeId=7ecc1320811ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=43de6e0076f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67007, encryptionId=43de6e0076f, topicName=炎症反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b73f484, createdName=lsj628, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 01:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21939, encodeId=79f4219392b, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21940, encodeId=f1232194031, content=也许吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-30 dwtouxx

    有用

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030296, encodeId=0c3c203029661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Jun 30 23:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824596, encodeId=c3c3182459699, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=702a5065860' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50658, encryptionId=702a5065860, topicName=微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Mon Jun 15 10:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22874, encodeId=3959228e4f7, content=学习过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Thu May 07 18:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22310, encodeId=07512231040, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0cad31998, createdName=dwtouxx, createdTime=Thu Apr 30 10:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22069, encodeId=71bd22069cd, content=NLRP很火啊!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 20:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1320811, encodeId=7ecc1320811ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=43de6e0076f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67007, encryptionId=43de6e0076f, topicName=炎症反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b73f484, createdName=lsj628, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 01:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21939, encodeId=79f4219392b, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21940, encodeId=f1232194031, content=也许吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-26 sumer

    NLRP很火啊!!

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030296, encodeId=0c3c203029661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Jun 30 23:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824596, encodeId=c3c3182459699, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=702a5065860' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50658, encryptionId=702a5065860, topicName=微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Mon Jun 15 10:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22874, encodeId=3959228e4f7, content=学习过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Thu May 07 18:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22310, encodeId=07512231040, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0cad31998, createdName=dwtouxx, createdTime=Thu Apr 30 10:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22069, encodeId=71bd22069cd, content=NLRP很火啊!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 20:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1320811, encodeId=7ecc1320811ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=43de6e0076f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67007, encryptionId=43de6e0076f, topicName=炎症反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b73f484, createdName=lsj628, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 01:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21939, encodeId=79f4219392b, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21940, encodeId=f1232194031, content=也许吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030296, encodeId=0c3c203029661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Jun 30 23:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824596, encodeId=c3c3182459699, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=702a5065860' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50658, encryptionId=702a5065860, topicName=微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Mon Jun 15 10:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22874, encodeId=3959228e4f7, content=学习过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Thu May 07 18:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22310, encodeId=07512231040, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0cad31998, createdName=dwtouxx, createdTime=Thu Apr 30 10:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22069, encodeId=71bd22069cd, content=NLRP很火啊!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 20:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1320811, encodeId=7ecc1320811ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=43de6e0076f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67007, encryptionId=43de6e0076f, topicName=炎症反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b73f484, createdName=lsj628, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 01:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21939, encodeId=79f4219392b, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21940, encodeId=f1232194031, content=也许吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-25 cspcsp

    有用

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2030296, encodeId=0c3c203029661, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=25079e7287' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Immunity#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=38, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=9772, encryptionId=25079e7287, topicName=Immunity)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/C4Qhy5XHSe503Qbjzc1UtDR83BCv66o6P2XRedX9ohsNGa3uEVicFFk2qkuX5zBSmpicepFySBrwoYknhqMdKmtw/132, createdBy=1aca2500179, createdName=12498d2fm51(暂无昵称), createdTime=Tue Jun 30 23:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1824596, encodeId=c3c3182459699, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=702a5065860' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#微生物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=48, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50658, encryptionId=702a5065860, topicName=微生物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0b7c20, createdName=wjcjjian, createdTime=Mon Jun 15 10:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22874, encodeId=3959228e4f7, content=学习过, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=191, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7f0f106091, createdName=acount, createdTime=Thu May 07 18:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-07, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22310, encodeId=07512231040, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0cad31998, createdName=dwtouxx, createdTime=Thu Apr 30 10:56:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=22069, encodeId=71bd22069cd, content=NLRP很火啊!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6c061611816, createdName=sumer, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 20:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1320811, encodeId=7ecc1320811ac, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=43de6e0076f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#炎症反应#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=41, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67007, encryptionId=43de6e0076f, topicName=炎症反应)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=b73f484, createdName=lsj628, createdTime=Sun Apr 26 01:19:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21939, encodeId=79f4219392b, content=有用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=117, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=21940, encodeId=f1232194031, content=也许吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=114, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=cspcsp, createdTime=Sat Apr 25 12:28:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-25 cspcsp

    也许吧

    0

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