Clin Infect Dis:多学科讨论:即时β-内酰胺皮肤过敏检测在抗菌药管理中的作用

2017-11-08 石岩 环球医学

有研究表明,那些对β-内酰胺过敏的患者的临床结局更差。由于过敏和更广谱的抗菌药物易发生耐药性,这些患者常常接受不太有效的二线疗法。2017年7月,发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的实用性、多中心、前瞻性评估,考察了即时β-内酰胺皮肤过敏检测(BLAST)在抗菌药物管理中的作用。

有研究表明,那些对β-内酰胺过敏的患者的临床结局更差。由于过敏和更广谱的抗菌药物易发生耐药性,这些患者常常接受不太有效的二线疗法。2017年7月,发表在《Clin Infect Dis》的一项由加拿大科学家进行的实用性、多中心、前瞻性评估,考察了即时β-内酰胺皮肤过敏检测(BLAST)在抗菌药物管理中的作用。请看本期多学科讨论组临床药师各抒己见为您梳理本文看点——

背景:抗菌药物管理项目(ASP)威廉亚洲博彩公司 推荐使用BLAST,然而很少有研究系统评价即时检测的作用。

方法:研究人员对ASP推荐的即时BLAST使用开展了一项实用性、多中心、前瞻性评估。在3个月内,3家医院的ASP小组接受过敏症专科医生的培训,为符合条件的感染病患者提供BLAST,这些患者将根据其过敏的严重程度决定是否接受非首选的β-内酰胺治疗。主要结局是接受首选β-内酰胺治疗的患者百分比。

结果:在 15个月时827名患者报道β-内酰胺过敏的患者中,632名(76%)首选β-内酰胺治疗。在基线期间,根据病史50%(124/246)接受首选的β-内酰胺治疗,相比较,干预期内有60%(232/386)(P=0.02),在未增加任何不良药物反应发生率(4% vs 3%;P=0.4)的情况下,BLAST将其进一步提升至81%(313/386)(P<0.001)。调整患者变量和医院间的相关性后,干预期与接受首选β-内酰胺治疗几率增加4.5倍相关(95%置信区间,2.4~8.2;P<0.0001)。

结论:3家医院ASP的即时BLAST使用会增加首选β-内酰胺治疗的使用,并且不会增加不良药物反应的风险。需要长期研究来更好地评估ASP干预的安全性和临床影响。

多学科讨论记实

在此项评估中,三个医院的过敏专科医生对ASP医师-药师团队进行了培训,帮助他们在医疗点进行即时BLAST,以优化传染病患者的管理,他们可根据β-内酰胺过敏的严重程度决定是否接受非首先治疗。在全部有效进行BLAST检测的三家医院中,接受首选β-内酰胺治疗的人数显着增加,而抗菌药相关的不良药物反应并没有显着增加。

研究表明,BLAST作为抗菌药物管理活动是可行的,能帮助患者安全地使用β-内酰胺作为首先治疗,尤其是当病史不足以排除严重的IgE介导反应时。需要更长期的研究来更好地评估这种ASP干预的安全性和临床影响。

然而,研究也存在几个局限性。首先,在多中心评估中接受BLAST的患者数量相对较少,无法检测到此干预对临床结局和整体安全性的改善。其次,接受首选β-内酰胺治疗作为研究的主要结局基于传染病医生的建议而非医院间的标准。最后,处方实践的变化可能与混杂变量有关,但研究人员对调整后接受首选β-内酰胺治疗进行了多变量分析。

原始出处

Jerome A Leis, Lesley Palmay, Grace Ho, et al. Point-of-Care β-Lactam Allergy Skin Testing by Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs: A Pragmatic Multicenter Prospective Evaluation. Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 65, Issue 7, 1 October 2017, Pages 1059–1065, https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/cix512.

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    2017-11-10 docwu2019
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    2017-11-10 lhlxtx
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    2017-11-08 1dd8c52fm63(暂无匿称)

    学习学习.继续关注

    0

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