90%的人不知道,它是监测肾损伤的早期指标

2020-04-20 检验医学网 检验医学网

williamhill asia 都知道肾脏以具有强大的储备代偿功能而著称,但也正因为这样,肾脏出了问题,williamhill asia 往往不能早期察觉。

williamhill asia 都知道肾脏以具有强大的储备代偿功能而着称,但也正因为这样,肾脏出了问题,williamhill asia 往往不能早期察觉;而肾脏还有另外一个特点:它损失的每一份功能都是不可再生的。因此,保护肾功能,及早发现毒性因素的损害具有重要意义。今天就谈一谈一个肾损伤监测的早期指标——α1微球蛋白。

α1微球蛋白(α-MG)是一种糖蛋白,由人体的肝脏和淋巴细胞合成,广泛存在于人体各种体液及淋巴细胞膜表面。血液中的α1-MG以两种形式存在,即游离的α1-MG和与IgA结合的α1-MG(α1MG-1gA)。正常情况下,血液中游离的α1-MG可自由通过肾小球滤过膜,95%-99%在肾近曲小管重吸收和代谢,只有微量的α1-MG从尿液排出;而结合型的α1-MG则不能通过肾小球,其在尿液中的浓度为零。

α1-MG在血清及尿液中增高的原因有:肾小管重吸收和代谢α1-MG的能力降低;肾小球滤过功能受损;体内合成过多或淋巴细胞破坏释放。血清及尿液中α1-MG的测定可作为反应肾小管重吸收功能受损的一项灵敏指标。尿α1微球蛋白的正常范围为:<6mg/24h。

临床意义

1.升高:

(1)各种肾病导致的肾功能不全,如肾小球损伤早期、原发性肾小球肾炎、间质性肾炎、糖尿病肾病、狼疮肾、急慢性肾功能衰竭等),该项检查为评价肾功能的敏感指标,而且在一定程度上尿α1微球蛋白的测定优于尿β2微球蛋白的测定。

(2)也见于IgA型骨髓瘤、肝癌等。

2.降低:

提示重度肝功能损害,见于肝病患者。

注意事项

1、留24小时尿的当天正常饮食,正常活动,不要刻意喝太多的水,既不能卧床不动也不能过于剧烈的运动。

2、天气炎热时,有的医院要求加防腐剂以免尿液变质,不过最好是什么也不加,收集的尿液放冰箱保存最为科学。

3、感冒和腹泻期间不宜做尿化验,一般等病愈后一周再做。

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    2021-08-20 nahsey

    学习!

    0

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    2021-06-13 12192b1am98暂无昵称

    谢谢分享

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    2021-06-01 ms9000000184606290

    谢谢分享!

    0

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    2020-09-09 12177770m58暂无昵称

    学习了

    0

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    2020-04-22 仁医06

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