European Radiology:MR指纹技术在轻度创伤性脑损伤中的应用

2021-12-28 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

轻度创伤性脑损伤(mTBI)是一个主要公共卫生问题,全世界每年的发病率约为5500万 。虽然大多数患者可完全康复,但仍有一部分患者会出现持续的身体、精神、情绪或认知障碍。

轻度创伤性脑损伤(mTBI)是一个主要公共卫生问题,全世界每年的发病率约为5500万 。虽然大多数患者完全康复,但有一部分患者会出现持续的身体、精神、情绪或认知障碍。

弥漫性轴索损伤被认为是大多数TBI相关损害的主要病理过程。离子失衡导致轴突曲张和其他轴突束的微结构损伤,这一点通常用弥散张量成像(DTI)来评估。然而,DTI结果在解剖位置、改变的性质以及与临床结果的相关性方面有很大的差异。水的局部分子环境的变化可以通过定量评估其纵向(T1)和横向(T2)弛豫时间来检测,但尽管TBI动物模型取得了较好的结果但在人体中的相关研究号相对匮乏。由于大多数弛豫测量法需要较长的采集时间,只限于单一属性(T1或T2),这阻碍了研究的进一步深入。幸运的是,磁共振指纹打印技术(MRF)能从单一的MRI采集中快速重建不同的参数因此使定量弛豫测量法的临床应用成为可能。

近日,发表在European Radiology杂志的一项研究评估基于MRF的弛豫特性(T1、T2)是否与患者的预后有关联,并将结果与已建立的DTI指标分数各向异性(FA)和表观扩散系数(ADC)进行比较为该类患者的早期诊断及治疗评估提供了技术支持

对伤后24±10天(时间点1)和伤后90±17天(时间点2)的患者进行临床成像、MRF和DTI采集,并对对照组进行一次图像采集。通过全功能、症状描述和神经心理学测试来评估患者的预后。用Mann-Whitney测试比较了12个灰质和白质区域的DTI的ADC和分数各向异性(FA)以及MRF的T1和T2。用Spearman相关性和逻辑回归法评估MR测量和结果之间的双变量关系。 

分析了22名患者(38±12岁;17名女性)和18名对照组(32±8岁;12名女性)的数据。14名患者(37±12岁;11名女性)返回了时间点2,而两名患者只提供了时间点2的临床结果数据。在时间点1,患者和对照组在T1、T2和ADC方面没有差异,而MTBI额叶白质的FA则较低。与T2(n = 3)、FA(n = 7)和ADC(n = 2)相比,时间点1的T1和T1的变化与时间点2的临床结果表现出更显著(n = 18)的中度至强相关性(|r|= 0.6-0.85)。在时间点1的高T1和连续增加的T1中,有5个MR指标对识别时间点2的未康复患者具有最高诊断效能(AUC>0.80)。 

 

 创伤性骨折病人和匹配对照组的定性和定量图像示例。34岁女性患者(a)在时间点1的FLAIR和SWI以及T1、T2、ADC和FA图,以及30岁女性(b)的对照图像。注意灰质和白质之间明显的T1和T2差异。

基于MRF的弛豫测量法能够在临床扫描的时间范围内收集水的弛豫时间,在创伤后1个月和3个月时,患者和对照组之间的T1和T2没有明显的差异。然而,1个月的WM T1和1至3个月的WM T1的变化与受伤后3个月的临床和神经认知障碍有关。这些相关性比T2的相关性更强,比DTI的FA和ADC的相关性更强,表明MRF能在定性MRI和DTI之外提供不同程度的预后价值

原文出处

Teresa Gerhalter,Martijn Cloos,Anna M Chen,et al.T1and T2quantification using magnetic resonance fingerprinting in mild traumatic brain injury.DOI:10.1007/s00330-021-08235-8

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来自南方医科大的研究人员发现,TBI后,受伤的神经元,主要是海马区的神经元,可以释放富含成骨微RNA(miRNA)的小胞外囊泡(sEVs),靶向骨中的成骨细胞,以刺激骨形成。

BLOOD:靶向膜结合阴离子磷脂的抗凝治疗可改善小鼠创伤性脑损伤的结局

TBI-IC 是由创伤引起的高凝状态引起的,可以通过针对来自大脑和其他细胞的 EV 的阴离子磷脂表达膜进行抗凝治疗。