Diabetes Care:在确诊为1型糖尿病的前20年,血糖、脂质代谢和炎症相关生物标志物是如何变化的?

2022-02-20 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

与血糖、脂质代谢和炎症相关的生物标志物水平的改变与临床诊断的1型糖尿病风险相关,这些水平可能在诊断前多年就会升高。

1型糖尿病儿童和青少年所有糖尿病的99%,值得注意的是,最近一项基于英国生物银行(UK biobank)数据的研究估计,42%的病例是在30至60岁之间的患者中确诊的。关于成人发病的1型糖尿病发病机制的研究有限,但已经表明,成人患者通常只有一种自身抗体,而儿童往往对多种自身抗体呈阳性。与儿童和青少年相比,成年期发病的患者胰岛素分泌下降程度较轻,无症状期较长。此外,有人提出,胰岛素抵抗有助于成人自身免疫性糖尿病的发展,尤其是成人潜伏性自身免疫性糖尿病亚组。

1型糖尿病常常被描述为急性发作的疾病,但患者的自身抗体可能在诊断前几年出现。这意味着1型DM有一个漫长的临床前阶段,其中可能还包括代谢参数的改变。本研究评估了血糖、血脂和其他生物代谢标志物的升高是否与成人未来1型糖尿病风险相关。

研究者分析了从1985年-1996年-2012年瑞典AMORIS队列的591239名个体。通过与全国患者、糖尿病和处方登记册的联系确定了1型糖尿病的发病情况。利用Cox回归模型估计生物标志物在基线和1型糖尿病发病时的危险比。此外,在巢式病例对照设计中评估了1型糖尿病诊断前25年的生物标志物轨迹。

研究结果显示,在随访期间共发现1122例1型糖尿病患者(患者诊断时的平均年龄:53.3岁)。生物标志物葡萄糖、果糖胺、甘油三酯、载脂蛋白(apo)B / apoA-I、尿酸、碱性磷酸酶和BMI与1型糖尿病风险呈正相关。apoA-I水平高与1型糖尿病发病率低相关。在诊断前15年,与对照组相比,1型糖尿病患者的平均葡萄糖、果糖胺、甘油三酯和尿酸水平更高。

1型糖尿病诊断前20年的生物标志物值轨迹

简单来说,与血糖、脂质代谢和炎症相关的生物标志物水平的改变与临床诊断的1型糖尿病风险相关,这些水平可能在诊断前多年就会升高。

参考文献:Katharina Herzog, Tomas Andersson, Valdemar Grill, Niklas Hammar, Håkan Malmström, Mats Talbäck, Göran Walldius, Sofia Carlsson; Alterations in Biomarkers Related to Glycemia, Lipid Metabolism, and Inflammation up to 20 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 1 Diabetes in Adults: Findings From the AMORIS Cohort. Diabetes Care 1 February 2022; 45 (2): 330–338. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc21-1238

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    2022-02-21 carrotlyl

    20年,真可以

    0

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