BMJ:越年轻,存在高血压等心衰风险因素越不能轻视!

2021-03-25 Nebula MedSci原创

越年轻,高血压越需要控制!

成年人一生中的心力衰竭发生率约20%,虽然目前在治疗方面已取得了很大的进步,但心力衰竭仍有相当高的死亡率。虽然心衰多发生了65岁及以上人群,但有研究显示心力衰竭在年轻人中的发生率越来越高。

本研究旨在评估普通人群发生心衰的危险因素的年龄差异

纳入了24675位无心力衰竭病史的受试者,按年龄分为青年(<55岁;n=11599)、中年(55-64岁;n=5587)、老年1(65-74岁;n=5190)和老年2(≥75岁;n=2299)。主要终点:发生心力衰竭。

不同年龄层危险因素与心力衰竭的相关性

中位随访12.7年,青年、中年、老年1和老年2受试者中分别有138/11599(1%)、293/5587(5%)、538/5190(10%)和412/2299(18%)位发生了心力衰竭。在青年受试者中,32%(n=44)的心力衰竭病例为射血分数保留的心力衰竭,而在老年2受试者中,这一比例为43%(n=179)。

不同年龄人群的可归因危险因素和心衰事件

与年龄较大的受试者相比,高血压、糖尿病、既往吸烟史和既往心肌梗死等危险因素与较年轻的受试者的心力衰竭风险的相关性更强(P<0.05)。例如,高血压使青年受试者未来发生心力衰竭的风险增加了3倍(P<0.001),但只使老年2受试者的风险增加了1.4倍(P=0.003)。

无论有无危险因素,年轻人发生心力衰竭的绝对风险均低于年长受试者。重要的是,已知的风险因素能解释更高比例的年轻受试者心力衰竭的总人群归因风险(75% vs 53%),模型表现更好(C指数0.79 vs 0.64)。

同样的,与老年2受试者相比,年轻人患肥胖症(21% vs 13%)、高血压(35% vs 23%)、糖尿病(14% vs 7%)和当前吸烟(32% vs 1%)的人群归因风险更高。

总体上,虽然与老年人相比,年轻人心力衰竭的发病率和绝对风险较低,但年轻受试者中可改变的危险因素的关联性更强,归因性风险更大,这突显了在成人一生中采取预防措施的重要性

原始出处:

Tromp Jasper,Paniagua Samantha M A,Lau Emily S et al. Age dependent associations of risk factors with heart failure: pooled population based cohort study. BMJ, 2021, 372: n461. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n461

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    2021-05-29 gaoxiaoe
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    2021-03-25 ms2000001431580728

    学习

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1849214, encodeId=38de184921422, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Sat May 29 01:43:01 CST 2021, time=2021-05-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1389475, encodeId=f3ac13894e599, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=8425519625e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#心衰风险#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=51962, encryptionId=8425519625e, topicName=心衰风险)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://thirdqq.qlogo.cn/qqapp/101296147/4E6244DB7C1860858424437821E08291/100, createdBy=a6a52500039, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sat Mar 27 08:43:01 CST 2021, time=2021-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951294, encodeId=be189512949b, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=116, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=846e5473352, createdName=ms2000001431580728, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 23:50:54 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=951251, encodeId=e930951251ea, content=虽然与老年人相比,年轻人心力衰竭的发病率和绝对风险较低,但年轻受试者中可改变的危险因素的关联性更强,归因性风险更大,这突显了在成人一生中采取预防措施的重要性。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=113, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/08/02/7354b3539aae6a0ccb1e0fff04c12084.jpg, createdBy=205b1984786, createdName=随梦飞扬, createdTime=Thu Mar 25 18:54:11 CST 2021, time=2021-03-25, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-03-25 随梦飞扬

    虽然与老年人相比,年轻人心力衰竭的发病率和绝对风险较低,但年轻受试者中可改变的危险因素的关联性更强,归因性风险更大,这突显了在成人一生中采取预防措施的重要性。

    0

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