Biological Psychiatry:感染多基因因素在感染与精神障碍的关系中占很小的比例

2022-07-30 影像小生 MedSci原创

感染和精神疾病共享一种适度的基因结构。感染PRSs可以预测某些精神障碍的风险;然而,这种影响是适度的。最后,记录感染在一定程度上解释了感染PRSs与精神障碍的关系。

多项研究表明,精神障碍患者在其一生中有更高的感染风险。精神障碍和炎症性疾病之间的关联表明,遗传风险变异和暴露于感染因子可能与免疫系统的异常反应有关,这给精神障碍带来更高的风险。然而,很难理清这些特征之间的因果关系。感染引起的感染因子或炎症是否会破坏神经系统发育并增加精神障碍的风险?有精神障碍的人是否会因为生活方式和行为而更容易受到感染,或者这些特征可能因其他原因而相关?了解感染和精神障碍的潜在共享遗传基础可能有助于确定这种关联的方向性,以及它受生物机制驱动的程度。最近的几项研究表明,感染在精神障碍的发展中发挥了作用;然而,基因对这种关联的贡献还没有得到充分的研究。

John R.Shorter等使用iPSYCH病例队列基因型样本(n = 65,534)和丹麦卫生保健登记数据来研究感染和精神障碍之间的遗传关联。为了验证这些关联是由于遗传多效性的假设,该研究估计了感染和精神障碍之间的遗传相关性。采用多基因风险评分(PRSs)评估感染和精神障碍的遗传多效性是否由实际感染诊断介导。研究结果发表在Biological Psychiatry。

该研究观察到精神分裂症、注意缺陷/多动障碍、重度抑郁障碍、双相情感障碍和创伤后应激障碍(rg范围在0.18到0.83之间) 与感染诊断有显著的遗传相关性,而非自闭症谱系障碍和神经性厌食症。

感染对精神疾病风险的预测能力。以误差条为95%置信区间的风险比。

记录在案的感染与七种精神疾病之间的遗传相关性。遗传相关(rg)与标准误差。PGC-SCZ,精神病学基因组学联盟-精神分裂症。

在iPSYCH病例队列中,感染的PRSs与注意缺陷/多动障碍、重度抑郁障碍和精神分裂症的风险中度增加相关(风险比= 1.04 - 1.10),但与厌食症、自闭症或双相障碍的风险无关。通过中介分析发现感染诊断仅占感染PRSs所导致精神障碍风险的一小部分(6%-14%)

中介分析流程图

感染PRSs对精神障碍诊断风险的影响,虽然统计上显著,但相对较小。这种效应可能受到直接效应的调节,可能涉及水平多效性,但也可以用未测量的第三变量效应来解释。观察到的对感染和精神障碍的显著影响很可能是由环境非遗传因素或非叠加作用遗传因素驱动的,因为可解释的方差占很小的比例。还有一种可能是,有一些遗传因素没有被PRSs捕获,从而驱动了这种联系。由于效应估计的不确定性,罕见变异不被纳入汇总统计和后期的下游分析。在临床环境中仍然可能有重要的遗传因素来帮助理解精神障碍的风险。

文献出处

Infection Polygenic Factors Account for a Small Proportion of the Relationship Between Infections and Mental Disorders.https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006322322000488

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    2023-05-15 sunylz
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    2022-11-28 syscxl
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