Diabetologia:出生体重、BMI和成年期隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病的关系

2022-06-09 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

LADA的特点是胰腺自身抗体及其向胰岛素依赖的缓慢进展,通常仅限于成年人,在年轻个体中也有类似的现象(年轻[女士]的隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病)。

背景:成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病(LADA)是一种混合型糖尿病。在遗传学上,它与1型糖尿病密切相关,与HLA基因型密切相关,而其许多临床特征如代谢综合征与2型糖尿病有共同之处。LADA的特点是胰腺自身抗体及其向胰岛素依赖的缓慢进展,通常仅限于成年人,在年轻个体中也有类似的现象(年轻[女士]的隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病)。需要自身抗体检测来区分LADA和2型糖尿病。在欧洲、北美和亚洲,大约5-14%被诊断患有二型糖尿病的成年人有胰腺自身抗体。2型糖尿病的风险因素已经得到广泛研究,该疾病可以通过保持健康的体重和体育活动来预防或推迟。相比之下,LADA环境/生活方式风险因素的证据有限。然而,williamhill asia 之前报道过与超重/肥胖状态[8]和低出生体重相关的LADA风险增加,这与二型糖尿病的研究结果一致。观察性研究容易产生残留混杂和反向因果关系,而随机对照试验可能不适合研究某些疾病的危险因素。个体的基因型是在受孕前从父母那里随机分配的,因此不太可能受到混杂或反向因果关系的影响。利用自然实验,孟德尔随机化(MR)研究使用遗传变异作为工具变量(IVs ),用于环境可改变的暴露,以对结果进行因果推断。

目的:观察性研究发现,低出生体重和成人超重/肥胖状态增加了成人潜在自身免疫性糖尿病(LADA)的风险。williamhill asia 的目的是使用两样本孟德尔随机化(MR)设计来调查这些关联是否具有因果关系。此外,williamhill asia 还比较了LADA和2型糖尿病的治疗结果。

方法:从早期生长遗传学联合会和英国生物库的全基因组关联研究中,williamhill asia 确定了43个作用于胎儿基因组的SNP作为预测自身出生体重的工具变量(IV)。williamhill asia 从英国生物库和人体测量特征遗传研究联盟(GANG)的GWA中鉴定出820个SNPs为成人BMI的IVs。静脉输注和LADA之间的关联的汇总统计数据摘自涉及2634个病例和5947个人群对照的唯一GWAS。williamhill asia 使用了逆方差加权(IVW)估计作为williamhill asia 的主要分析,并辅之以一系列敏感性分析。

结果:基因决定的自身出生体重与LADA呈负相关(OR=1.68[95%CI 1.01,2.82])。相反,成年期遗传预测的BMI与LADA呈正相关(每标准差[~4.8 kg/m2]BMI增加1.40[95%CI 1.14,1.71])。在使用其他MR估计器或排除一些静脉输注的一系列敏感性分析中,获得了稳健的结果。就2型糖尿病而言,与出生体重的关联并不比LADA更强,而与成人BMI的关联比LADA更强。

图1出生体重减少一个标准差(500克)的LADA风险。MREgger截距0.009,p为定向多效性= 0.618。MR-PRESSO未检测到异常值(多效性总体检验的= 0.736),并给出了原始估计值

图2成人身体质量指数中与一次SD (4.8 kg/m2)增加相关的LADA风险。MRPRESSO确定了两个异常值:rs11066188和rs10840606。异常值被排除在异常值校正估计值之外(估计值失真的p值为0.777)

表1 LADA和二型糖尿病的比较

结论:本研究为低出生体重、成人超重/肥胖状态与LADA之间的因果联系提供了遗传学支持。

原文出处:Wei Y,  Zhan Y,  Löfvenborg JE, et al.Birthweight, BMI in adulthood and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: a Mendelian randomisation study.Diabetologia 2022 May 23

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    2022-09-14 docwu2019
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    2022-06-09 Hangman

    评论换积分

    0

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[AACE2012]隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病常被误诊

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