远程血流动力学引导的心力衰竭管理对不同亚型肺动脉高压患者的影响:来自 MEMS-HF 研究的见解

2022-09-06 刘少飞 MedSci原创

旨在全面描述MEMS-HF参与者在植入传感器期间的心肺血流动力学特征,并澄清他们对PAP引导的RPM的反应是否因PH的存在和/或个别血流动力学PH亚型而有所不同。

研究背景及目的:

心力衰竭(HF)是一种在发达国家影响约1-2%成人人口的疾病,其自然史的特点是反复发作的心脏失代偿,这与发病率和死亡率的增加有关,并对全球医疗系统造成经济负担。在心脏失代偿变得临床明显之前,心脏充盈压发生上升,被动地向后转移到肺循环,引起毛细血管后肺动脉高压(PH)。 重要的是,肺动脉压力(PAP)的增加先于临床上可检测到的失代偿症状和体征的出现,后来导致心力衰竭(HFH)恶化而住院。 从最初的PAP增加到临床上明显的心脏失代偿之间的时间窗口可能包括几天到几周,因此提供了一个独特的机会来调整HF治疗以避免HFH。CardioMEMS 欧洲心力衰竭监测研究 (MEMS-HF) 调查了肺动脉压 (PAP) 引导的远程患者管理 (RPM) 在纽约心脏协会 (NYHA) 至少有一次住院治疗的 III 级门诊患者中的安全性和有效性过去 12 个月内的心力衰竭 (HFH)。这项预先指定的亚组分析调查了 RPM 效应是否取决于肺动脉高压 (PH) 的存在和亚型。

研究方法和结果:

在 106/234 名 MEMS-HF 参与者中,传感器植入期间获得的 Swan-Ganz 导管轨迹可用于由两位专家联合执行的离线手动分析。根据当前的 PH 定义将患者分为亚组。38 名和 36 名患者分别存在孤立的毛细血管后 PH (IpcPH) 和联合毛细血管前后 PH (CpcPH),而 31 名患者没有 PH。亚组之间的临床特征具有可比性,但在 PH 患者中,CpcPH 患者的肺血管阻力较高(p=0.029),肺动脉顺应性较低(p=0.003)。在 PAP 指导的 RPM 的 12 个月期间,IpcPH 和 CpcPH 亚组的所有 PA 压力均下降(均 p<0.05),而没有 PH 的患者仅平均和舒张 PAP 下降(均 p<0.05)。CpcPH(0.639 事件/pt-yr;HR=0.37)和 IpcPH(0.72 事件/pt-yr;HR=0.45)患者的植入后与植入前 HFH 发生率的改善相似。没有 PH 的参与者受益最多(0.26 事件/pt-yr;HR=0.17,与 IpcPH/CpcPH 患者相比,p=0.04)。所有亚组的生活质量和 NYHA 等级均有显着改善。

研究结论:

无论基线时是否存在 PH 或亚型,在植入前一年内具有 ≥ 1 次 HFH 的 NYHA III 级症状的门诊患者在植入后随访期间显着受益于 PAP 引导的 RPM。

 

参考文献:

Assmus B, Angermann CE, Alkhlout B, Asselbergs FW, Schnupp S, Brugts JJ, Nordbeck P, Zhou Q, Brett ME, Ginn G, Adamson PB, Böhm M, Rosenkranz S. Effects of remote haemodynamic-guided heart failure management in patients with different subtypes of pulmonary hypertension: Insights from the MEMS-HF study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2022 Aug 23. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.2656. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 36054647.

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HF患者中,低钠血症(血清钠浓度<135 mmol/L)很常见,在住院的HF患者中患病率约为10%-25%。低钠血症临床表现不同,患者可出现轻微的认知障碍,也可出现危及生命的症状。低钠血症与HF

Eur Heart J:根据体重指数分析达格列净治疗心力衰竭的疗效

肥胖在HFpEF患者中很常见,与较高的心力衰竭住院率和较差的健康状况相关。与非肥胖患者相比,达格列净治疗改善了不同BMI患者的心血管结局,导致肥胖患者的症状得到更大的改善。

Eur Heart J:恩格列净对心力衰竭患者循环蛋白质组学的影响

心力衰竭患者循环蛋白水平的变化与实验研究结果一致。实验研究表明,SGLT2抑制剂的作用可能与心脏和肾脏促进自噬流、营养剥夺信号传导和跨膜钠转运有关。

重磅!SGLT-2抑制剂「恩格列净」在华获批,用于治疗射血分数保留的成人心力衰竭

这是继成人2型糖尿病和射血分数降低的成人心力衰竭之后,欧唐静®在中国获批的第三个适应症。

Circulation:身体活动与心力衰竭事件之间的关联

身体活动,尤其是中等强度的身体活动,与较低的HF风险相关。当前的高强度身体活动建议应予以鼓励,但不应增加。