Science:量身定制抗癌药物,获得更佳的肿瘤细胞杀伤效果

2020-04-08 生物探索 生物探索

这项研究提供了针对特定应用量身定制的PARP抑制剂的设计原理,了解PARP-1的结构和生化方法可以指导PARP抑制剂的持续发展。

近日发表在《Science》杂志上的一项研究中,蒙特利尔大学的研究人员报告了一类称为PARP抑制剂的抗癌药物之间的关键结构和生化差异,这些明显的差异与其杀死癌细胞的能力不同有关,解决了PARP抑制剂有效性之间存在差异这一长期困扰的难题。此外,研究人员利用结构和生化方面的新见解对现有的PARP抑制剂进行了修饰,从而提高了其杀死癌细胞的能力。

DOI:10.1126/science.aax6367

PARP抑制剂靶向PARP-1酶,PARP-1是DNA结构断裂的主要应答者,这是一种慢性的基因组损伤,需要持续的监测和修复。PARP-1具有两个主要活动:与DNA断裂结合,并形成一个称为聚(ADP-核糖)的分子。PARP抑制剂均与PARP-1的同一区域结合,阻止PARP-1生成聚(ADP-核糖),并且该活性干扰PARP-1对DNA损伤修复的贡献。在健康细胞中,PARP-1对DNA修复的贡献丧失是可以接受的,然而,具有重组DNA修复机制的癌细胞,例如缺乏修复蛋白BRCA1或BRCA2的癌细胞,已经变得依赖于PARP-1并被PARP抑制剂选择性杀死。

PARP抑制剂对PARP-1的构象有影响

在临床上最有效的PARP抑制剂倾向于在DNA上“捕获”PARP-1,这被认为可以防止癌细胞分裂。研究人员发现,其中一种PARP抑制剂Veliparib,与其他抑制剂相比,降低了PARP-1与DNA的结合,并在杀死癌细胞方面效果较差。因此,Veliparib似乎通过减弱PARP-1与DNA的相互作用来对抗PARP-1的“捕获”过程。这一结果提供了一个谜题的关键线索:通过比较Veliparib与可在DNA上捕获PARP-1的临床PARP抑制剂的结构,鉴定出结构上的差异,从而解释了抑制剂捕获或减弱与DNA相互作用的能力。

研究人员使用Veliparib作为起始分子,设计了一种新的PARP抑制剂,具有增加PARP-1与DNA相互作用的能力,相对于Veliparib具有更强的癌细胞杀伤力,生化和结构研究与他们在细胞杀灭试验中观察到的行为一致并具有预测性。

将III型PARP抑制剂转换为I型

PARP抑制剂在医学界引起了极大的兴趣,为治疗疾病建立了新的前景。这项研究提供了针对特定应用量身定制的PARP抑制剂的设计原理,了解PARP-1的结构和生化方法可以指导PARP抑制剂的持续发展。除了应用于癌症治疗,在心血管疾病和炎症等其他适应症中,也正在评估PARP抑制剂的使用。

原始出处:

Levani Zandarashvili, et al. Structural basis for allosteric PARP-1 retention on DNA breaks. Science 03 Apr 2020: Vol. 368, Issue 6486, eaax6367. DOI: 10.1126/science.aax6367.

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308271, encodeId=17de13082e1d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e495554550' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55545, encryptionId=6e495554550, topicName=抗癌药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fe6351, createdName=flyingeagle77, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1313058, encodeId=099c13130583a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ce783062c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83062, encryptionId=4ce783062c7, topicName=肿瘤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1314879, encodeId=d80613148e956, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4b5554131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55541, encryptionId=9d4b5554131, topicName=抗癌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376067, encodeId=23af13e606792, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1047031, encodeId=bcf4104e03125, content=疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Wed Apr 08 20:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2020-04-10 sunylz
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308271, encodeId=17de13082e1d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e495554550' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55545, encryptionId=6e495554550, topicName=抗癌药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fe6351, createdName=flyingeagle77, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1313058, encodeId=099c13130583a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ce783062c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83062, encryptionId=4ce783062c7, topicName=肿瘤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1314879, encodeId=d80613148e956, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4b5554131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55541, encryptionId=9d4b5554131, topicName=抗癌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376067, encodeId=23af13e606792, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1047031, encodeId=bcf4104e03125, content=疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Wed Apr 08 20:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-04-10 jichang
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308271, encodeId=17de13082e1d9, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e495554550' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药物#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55545, encryptionId=6e495554550, topicName=抗癌药物)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9fe6351, createdName=flyingeagle77, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1313058, encodeId=099c13130583a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=4ce783062c7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肿瘤细胞#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=83062, encryptionId=4ce783062c7, topicName=肿瘤细胞)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c859411, createdName=hmwwww, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1314879, encodeId=d80613148e956, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9d4b5554131' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抗癌药#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=55541, encryptionId=9d4b5554131, topicName=抗癌药)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=12de429, createdName=sunylz, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1376067, encodeId=23af13e606792, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Fri Apr 10 08:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1047031, encodeId=bcf4104e03125, content=疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=CHANGE, createdTime=Wed Apr 08 20:03:01 CST 2020, time=2020-04-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-04-08 CHANGE

    疗效只是效果的众多方面之一,还要看对患者的获益,包括生活质量等因素共同决定效果的

    0

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