Mol Ther:基因编辑技术剔除小鼠艾滋病病毒:只杀病毒不伤细胞

2017-04-13 MedSci MedSci原创

美国天普大学华人科学家胡文辉等人近日报告说,他们利用基因编辑技术,有效剔除了一种人源化小鼠多个器官组织中的人类艾滋病病毒,朝着开展人类临床试验的方向迈出一大步。 此前,胡文辉等人已成功利用基因编辑技术,有效清除了体外培养的人类细胞系、艾滋病患者体内取出的T免疫细胞以及转基因小鼠体内的艾滋病病毒。 人源化BLT小鼠是指移植了人的骨髓、肝和胸腺组织或细胞的免疫缺陷小鼠。这种小鼠具有人类功能

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美国天普大学华人科学家胡文辉等人近日报告说,他们利用基因编辑技术,有效剔除了一种人源化小鼠多个器官组织中的人类艾滋病病毒,朝着开展人类临床试验的方向迈出一大步。

此前,胡文辉等人已成功利用基因编辑技术,有效清除了体外培养的人类细胞系、艾滋病患者体内取出的T免疫细胞以及转基因小鼠体内的艾滋病病毒。

人源化BLT小鼠是指移植了人的骨髓、肝和胸腺组织或细胞的免疫缺陷小鼠。这种小鼠具有人类功能性免疫系统,被艾滋病病毒感染和潜伏的方式与人类一致,克服了常规小鼠不能复制某些人类疾病的弊端,被广泛用于艾滋病动物实验研究。

在发表于美国《分子治疗》杂志的最新研究中,胡文辉和同校同事卡迈勒·哈利利以及匹兹堡大学杨文彬等人首先利用艾滋病病毒感染人源化BLT小鼠,然后借助腺相关病毒(AAV)作为载体,把有“基因剪刀”之称的CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑工具运送到潜伏感染小鼠体内。2到4周后,他们在多个小鼠器官组织中检测到艾滋病病毒基因组被切除。

胡文辉副教授告诉新华社记者,艾滋病病毒基因易于突变,应用单靶点基因编辑有可能会出现病毒逃逸现象。为此,他们提出了多靶点基因编辑的新思路,针对艾滋病病毒转录区和结构区设计了4个向导RNA(核糖核酸),可引导Cas9酶到预定位置实现多靶点切除,显著增加了艾滋病病毒的剔除效率。

此外,这种病毒剔除方法不影响靶细胞的存活和功能,即“只杀病毒不杀细胞”。

胡文辉指出,目前,基因编辑疗法尚不能100%清除动物体内的艾滋病病毒,但能够显著降低潜伏病毒量,因此与抗逆转录病毒药物组合使用不失为一种有希望的艾滋病治疗策略。

相关文章:艾滋病,你站住!CRISPR/Cas9给你点颜色看看

原始出处:

Yin C, Zhang T, Qu X, Zhang Y, Putatunda R, Xiao X, Li F, Xiao W, Zhao H, Dai S, Qin X, Mo X, Young WB, Khalili K, Hu W. In Vivo Excision of HIV-1 Provirus by saCas9 and Multiplex Single-Guide RNAs in Animal Models. Mol Ther. 2017 Mar 30. pii: S1525-0016(17)30110-7. 

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    2017-04-14 1e1f9c58m10(暂无匿称)

    单纯疱疹病毒什么时候根治

    0

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    2017-04-13 三生有幸9135

    学习一下谢谢分享

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    2017-04-13 lovetcm

    基因编辑用于HIV治疗有多种策略,包括直接作用于病毒本身序列,还有针对CCR5这个受体,突变这个受体,使得HIV无法进入T细胞,也有一些针对HIV复制所需要的基因,总的来说,未来对HIV治疗会有三条路径,一是小分子化合物,目前也到临门一脚的地步了,二是HIV病毒中和抗体,目前进展还算比较迅速,发现一些潜在的好苗子,三是基因治疗,而基因治疗中,采用基因编辑应该是最靠谱的方法

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