2022 ASCO:多西他赛和环磷酰胺辅助治疗HER2阴性乳腺癌的现实经验

2022-06-01 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

与无淋巴结转移的患者相比,有≥4个腋窝阳性淋巴结的乳腺癌患者采用环磷酰胺辅助化疗的疗效显著降低

辅助化疗大大提高了乳腺癌 (BC) 的总生存率 (OS) ,降低了复发风险。蒽环类药物的短期和长期副作用,以及在辅助治疗方面的适度益处,使其相比于环磷酰胺(TC)的作用一直存在争议。

该研究目的是在加拿大人口最多的省份安大略省比较环磷酰胺与以基于蒽环类药物的方案治疗乳腺癌的 OS。

这是一项回顾性的基于人群的队列研究,采用临床评估科学研究所 (ICES) 数据库,纳入了于2009年1月-2017年12月期间接受辅助化疗的 HER2 阴性(-)的 I-III 期乳腺癌女性患者,排除缺乏基线特征、既往有恶性肿瘤病史或乳腺手术120天后才开始化疗的患者。蒽环类方案如下,FEC-D:氟尿嘧啶、表柔比星、环磷酰胺,继以多西他赛;ACT:阿霉素、环磷酰胺,继以多西他赛或紫杉醇。末次随访时间:2018年3月31日。

共纳入了 10634 位乳腺癌女性患者,其中 60% 的患者≥50岁;19.6%的为 I 期,61.1%的为 II 期,19.3% 的为 III 期;7130位(67%)是 ER+,2379位(22.4%)是 ER-。在5764位(54.2%)淋巴结(LN)阳性患者中,4300位(40.4%)有1-3个阳性 LN,1464位(13.8%)的阳性 LN≥4 个。此外,4945位(46.5%)属于高级别病例。2487位(23.5%)患者采用 TC 治疗,2981位(28%)采用 ACT 方案治疗,5166位(48.5%)采用 FEC-D 方案治疗。

中位随访了5.5年,整个研究人群的 OS 比较显示,采用 TC vs ACT 方案治疗的患者的 OS 的风险比(HR)为 1.47(95% CI 1.14-1.90,p=0.0027),TC vs FEC-D 的 HR 为 1.48(1.18-1.86,p=0.0007)。对于采用 TC 治疗的 ER+ 患者,LN 1-3 和 LN≥4 vs LN 0 患者的 OS 的 HR 分别是 1.34(95% CI 0.81-2.21,p=0.26)和 4.29(2.09-8.79,p<0.0001)。对于 ER+ LN 0 患者,TC vs ACT 的 OS HR 为 1.15(95% CI 0.58-2.35, p=0.67),TC vs FEC-D 的 HR 为 1.38(0.81-2.33,p=0.23)。

对于采用 TC 治疗的 ER- 患者,LN 1-3 和 LN≥4 vs LN 0 患者 OS 的 HR 分别是1.12(95% CI 0.42-3.01,p=0.82)和 4.41(1.33-14.59,p=0.025)。对于 ER- LN 0 患者,采用 TC vs ACT 方案治疗的患者的 OS 的 HR 为 2.04(95% CI 1.09-3.81,p=0.025),TC vs FEC-D 的 HR 为 2.05(1.08-3.90,p=0.028)。

综上,与无淋巴结转移的患者相比,有≥4个腋窝阳性淋巴结的乳腺癌患者采用环磷酰胺辅助化疗的疗效显著降低。对于 ER- 乳腺癌患者,环磷酰胺的疗效明显劣于蒽环类药物方案。

 

原始出处:

The real-world experience of adjuvant docetaxel and cyclophosphamide (TC) chemotherapy in HER-2 negative breast cancer. First Author: Danilo Giffoni M. M. Mata, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.

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