Pediatrics:极早产儿和极低体重出生儿的脑容量确实较正常儿低!

2022-07-22 liangying MedSci原创

早产儿和极低出生体重成年人的大脑异常患病率高于足月出生的兄弟姐妹。

早产是一种常见的不良事件,影响全球10%-11%的新生儿,其中1%-2%的婴儿出生时极早产(<32周)或出生时极低体重(<1500克)。许多成年慢性疾病被认为起源于胎儿期和儿童期。例如,早产的婴儿在儿童和成年时期会表现出更多的心血管风险因素。极早产/极低出生体重儿童和成年人的执行功能也较差,智商普遍较正常平均水平低12-13分。

本研究的目的为以兄弟姐妹为对照,评估极低出生体重早产儿成人的影像学脑异常并研究其体积差异。

研究者招募了79对成年同性同胞,其中一对出生时体重极低,另一对在足月出生。从78名早产儿和72名兄弟姐妹身上获得了3-T脑磁共振成像。一名神经放射科医生检查并对比了图像中的实质和结构异常,并使用FreeSurfer软件6.0进行了体积分析。数据采用线性混合模型分析。

研究结果发现极低出生体重参与者的结构异常多于兄弟姐妹(37%vs13%)。最常见的发现是脑室周围白质软化,15%的极低出生体重参与者和3%的兄弟姐妹出现这种情况。极低出生体重组的绝对脑体积较小(0.4 SD),调整估计的颅内体积后,灰质较少(0.2 SD),脑室较大(1.5 SD),丘脑较小(0.6 SD),尾状核较小(0.4 SD),右侧海马(0.4 SD),左侧苍白球(0.3 SD)。总白质的体积没有差异(0.04 SD;95%CI,0.13至0.09)。

脑室角周围有轻微回缩,前侧微尖,后周呈圆形

总之,本研究发现早产儿和极低出生体重成年人的大脑异常患病率高于足月出生的兄弟姐妹。他们的大脑绝对体积较小,灰质较少,但白质不多,一些灰质结构的体积较小。

参考文献:Brain Volumes and Abnormalities in Adults Born Preterm at Very Low Birth Weight Juho Kuula, MD  Juha Martola, MD, PhD Antti Hakkarainen, MSc Johan Björkqvist, MD, PhD Eero Kajantie, MD, PhD Nina Lundbom, MD, PhD Show all authors Open AccessPublished:March 14, 2022DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2022.03.009

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    2022-07-26 feather89
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    2023-04-28 hbwxf
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    2022-07-22 aids218

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