N Engl J Med:4个月的莫西沙星方案治疗结核病效果欠佳

2015-02-04 高晓方 编译 医学论坛网

在一项随机对照试验中,两种4个月疗程的莫西沙星方案均劣于标准的6个月疗程方案。 结核患者需接受6个月疗程的药物治疗引发了依从性、不良反应和治疗费用等诸多问题。莫西沙星具有抗分枝杆菌活性的发现,为应用该药物缩短结核病治疗疗程提供了可能。 在近期一项跨国的、随机、安慰剂对照、非劣性试验中,1931例新近诊断、既往未治疗且药物敏感的成人结核患者被纳入研究;研究者对比了标准的6个月方案

在一项随机对照试验中,两种4个月疗程的莫西沙星方案均劣于标准的6个月疗程方案。

结核患者需接受6个月疗程的药物治疗引发了依从性、不良反应和治疗费用等诸多问题。莫西沙星具有抗分枝杆菌活性的发现,为应用该药物缩短结核病治疗疗程提供了可能。

在近期一项跨国的、随机、安慰剂对照、非劣性试验中,1931例新近诊断、既往未治疗且药物敏感的成人结核患者被纳入研究;研究者对比了标准的6个月方案(8周乙胺丁醇/异烟肼/利福平/吡嗪酰胺,继之以18周异烟肼/利福平)和两种4个月的含莫西沙星的方案:一种含异烟肼(8周莫西沙星/异烟肼/利福平/吡嗪酰胺,继之以9周莫西沙星/异烟肼/利福平和9周安慰剂);另一种含乙胺丁醇,8周莫西沙星/乙胺丁醇/利福平/吡嗪酰胺,继之以9周莫西沙星/利福平和9周安慰剂)。预定义非劣性为治疗结束后18个月内良好治疗转归的组间差异<6%。

莫西沙星方案转化到培养阴性状态的速度快于标准治疗方案。然而,遵循研究设计分析显示两种莫西沙星方案均劣于标准方案:含异烟肼的莫西沙星方案良好转归率为85%,含乙胺丁醇的莫西沙星方案为80%,标准方案则为92%。不良转归的最常见原因为转化到培养阴性状态后复发。在改良意向治疗分析中得出了与之相似的结果。

评论

尽管可以设想对其他4个月疗程的莫西沙星方案进行研究,但当前结果不鼓励这样的试验。该试验的一项关键结果为,在莫西沙星方案中见到的更短培养转化时间并不能准确预测远期转归。未来需要对此现象的发生原因进行更深入的了解。

原始出处:

Four-Month Moxifloxacin Regimens Less Effective for TB Treatment Richard T.Ellison III, MD reviewing Gillespie SH et al. N Engl J Med 2014 Sep 7. 


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背景:相比于目前的6个月每日给药的方案来讲肺结核的治疗方案要简短一些。 方法: williamhill asia 随机分配新诊断的,痰检阳性,非肺结核的患者到三种方案之一:其中对照组包括2个月乙胺丁醇、异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺每日给药以及随后4个月每日给药异烟肼和利福平;4个月的方案是将对照组中异烟肼的给药方案替换成每天服用莫西沙星为期2个月随之是莫西沙星和900毫克的利福喷汀联合使用每周2次为期2个月的方案;6个月的方案是