Diabetologia:评估血液线粒体DNA拷贝数与2型糖尿病之间的关系

2022-08-20 从医路漫漫 MedSci原创

多种风险因素与患二型糖尿病病的风险增加有关,包括肥胖、不良生活方式和遗传因素。

背景:以胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌不足相结合为特征的二型糖尿病糖尿病是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因。多种风险因素与患二型糖尿病病的风险增加有关,包括肥胖、不良生活方式和遗传因素。线粒体以ATP的形式产生细胞对化学能的大部分需求,线粒体功能障碍与二型糖尿病的发展和并发症的各个方面有关,包括胰岛素抵抗、肥胖和β细胞功能障碍。线粒体DNA (mtDNA)是一种环状双链DNA分子,包含37个基因,其中13个基因参与电子传递链和ATP的产生,为细胞提供能量,而其余基因编码的蛋白质参与氨基酸组装成功能蛋白质。虽然线粒体与二型糖尿病的发病有关,但只有少数罕见的mtDNA基因变异与糖尿病有关。MtDNA拷贝数(mtDNA-CN)被认为是线粒体功能的代表。低外周血mtDNA-CN与各种年龄相关疾病有关,包括二型糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症。在患有肥胖症或二型糖尿病的个体的骨骼肌和脂肪组织中也观察到较低的mtDNA氯化萘。同样,β细胞中较低的mtDNA-CN也与β细胞功能下降有关。

迄今为止,调查mtDNA CN和二型糖尿病之间关系的流行病学研究有限。据williamhill asia 所知,只有四项队列研究调查了血液mtDNA CN和二型糖尿病之间的联系,其中三项采用前瞻性研究设计[13-16]。四项研究中的两项表明,低血mtDNA-CN与患二型糖尿病病的风险增加有关。然而,这些研究是在相对较小的人群中进行的,2型糖尿病病例(偶发)数量较少,因此糖尿病保证了在更大的研究样本中重复这些发现。此外,这些研究中没有一个研究了血mtDNA和二型糖尿病之间的关系是否是因果关系的问题。

目的:williamhill asia 使用多变量调整回归分析评估了血液mtDNA CN和二型糖尿病事件之间的联系,使用双向MR评估了血液mtDNA CN和二型糖尿病和身体质量指数之间的联系

方法:采用多变量校正Cox比例风险模型,在285,967名来自英国生物库的无二型糖尿病的无关欧洲个体中,评估血液mtDNACN和二型糖尿病事件之间的关系。此外,进行了一项横断面分析,以调查血液mtDNA-CN和身体质量指数之间的联系。williamhill asia 还使用双向双样本磁共振成像评估了血液mtDNA-CN与二型糖尿病(图表中N=898,130,FinnGen中N=215,654)和身体质量指数(GIANT中N=681,275)之间的潜在因果关系

结果:在平均11.87年的随访期间,15,111名参与者发展为二型糖尿病。血液mtDNA-CN水平较高的参与者患二型糖尿病的风险较低(HR 0.90 [95% CI 0.89,0.92])。在对身体质量指数和其他混杂因素进行额外调整后,这些结果适度减弱并仍然存在。多变量调整的横断面分析显示,较高的血液mtDNA氯化萘与较低的身体质量指数(0.12 [95%置信区间0.14,0.10]) kg/m2相关。在双向磁共振分析中,williamhill asia 没有发现mtDNA-CN和二型糖尿病之间,以及mtDNA-CN和身体质量指数之间有因果关系的证据。

表1按mtDNA-中国四分位数分列的人口基线特征

图1 (a)Kaplan–Meier曲线显示了mtDNA-中国四分位数的二型糖尿病事件发生时间。x轴显示以年为单位的随访时间,y轴显示发展为二型糖尿病的总体生存概率。(b)mtDNA-中国四分位数二型糖尿病事件人力资源。模型1针对基因分型批次、主成分1、主成分2、白细胞计数、血小板计数、年龄和性别进行了调整;模型2在模型1的基础上针对身体质量指数进行了额外的调整;基于模型1,模型3还针对身体质量指数、胆固醇药物使用、吸烟状况、身体活动、腰围和二型糖尿病家族史进行了调整

图2 mtDNA-中国(UKB)和二型糖尿病的磁共振结果的森林图。n表示在MR分析中分析的SNP的数量。或表示mtDNA-CN每增加1 SD。二型糖尿病T2D

图3mtDNA-中国(UKB和电荷)和身体质量指数(巨人)磁共振结果的森林图。mtDNA-中国报告了每增加1个标准差的估计值。n表示在MR分析中分析的SNP的数量

图4身体质量指数(巨人)和二型糖尿病(图表)与mtDNA-中国(UKB)相关的磁共振结果的森林图。据报道,在T2D和mtDNA之间的磁共振分析中,估计值为有T2D对没有T2D。根据身体质量指数和mtDNA-中国之间的磁共振分析,身体质量指数报告的估计值为每增加1千克/平方米。n表示在MR分析中分析的SNP的数量。二型糖尿病T2D

结论:本研究的结果表明,观察到的低血mtDNACN和二型糖尿病病高风险之间的联系可能不是因果关系。

原文出处:

Wang W,  Luo J,  Willems van Dijk K, et al.Assessment of the bi-directional relationship between blood mitochondrial DNA copy number and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a multivariable-adjusted regression and Mendelian randomisation study.Diabetologia 2022 Jul 22

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