A natural experiment including more than 200,000 people who received a shingles vaccine reveals that, within 6 years of vaccination, the recombinant vaccine is associated with lower risk of dementia than is the live vaccine.

Proteomic prediction models developed using a large-scale dataset from the UK Biobank Pharma Proteomics Project were superior to clinical models for assessing the 10-year risk of 67 diseases across different types of pathology, including multiple myeloma, motor neuron disease, pulmonary fibrosis, celiac disease and dilated cardiomyopathy.

This Review outlines how Western-style diets contribute to the rising incidence of chronic, noncommunicable diseases by converging on key mechanisms, including gut microbial rarefaction and chronic inflammation.

As growing evidence shows that engagement with politics is associated with worsening mental and physical health, a bumper election year and increasing polarization could affect millions.

In an analysis of five large randomized clinical trials testing established therapies for cardiovascular disease, individuals with clonal hematopoiesis had an increased risk for first but not recurrent myocardial infarction as compared to individuals without clonal hematopoiesis, and did not show increased benefit from any of the therapies tested.

A single-cell transcriptomic study from the Human Cell Atlas integrating over 11 million brain cells from 70 studies uncovers differences across human brain regions and identifies rare progenitor and microglia subtypes.

The first controlled human infection model of cutaneous leishmaniasis transmitted by sand flies enables assessment of immune responses and parasitism in infected participants that can inform future vaccine and therapeutic development.

In a randomized controlled trial involving patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, treatment with Qiliqiangxin, a traditional Chinese medicine derived from 11 types of plants, decreased the incidence of cardiac events, as compared to placebo.

Functional CRISPR screens in patient-matched pre-treatment and post-treatment glioblastoma models identify the PTP4A–ROBO1 axis as a driver of tumorigenicity and enriched ROBO1 expression in recurrent glioblastoma that can be targeted with CAR T cell therapy.

Bloodstream infections with Candida parapsilosis in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients are associated with heteroresistance to the antifungal micafungin, which can be predicted from genomic features using machine learning.

A large randomized controlled trial with cisgender women highlights the challenges of adherence to a daily oral preexposure prophylaxis regiment and demonstrates that twice-yearly injection of lenacapavir can maintain effective HIV prevention levels over 6 months.

Student doctors push for the health impacts of extreme weather to be taught in medical schools, as the carbon emissions from healthcare come under greater scrutiny.

With the first CRISPR–Cas9 gene therapy now approved, scientists are turning to newer editing technologies to produce safer, faster and better treatments for genetic diseases.

A longitudinal imaging study finds that psilocybin ‘desynchronizes’ the human brain, dissolving network connections linked to our sense of space, time and self — which could explain the therapeutic effects of this psychedelic.

The antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) tisotumab vedotin resulted in improved progression-free and overall survival, leading to FDA approval and a new treatment option for patients.

As growing evidence shows that engagement with politics is associated with worsening mental and physical health, a bumper election year and increasing polarization could affect millions.